In this paper, we dynamically select the transmission rate and design wireless network coding to improve the quality of services such as delay for time critical applications. In a network coded system, with low transmission rate and hence longer transmission range, more packets may be encoded, which increases the coding opportunity. However, low transmission rate may incur extra transmission delay, which is intolerable for time critical applications. We design a novel joint rate selection and wireless network coding (RSNC) scheme with delay constraint, so as to maximize the total benefit (where we can define the benefit based on the priority or importance of a packet for example) of the packets that are successfully received at the destinations without missing their deadlines. We prove that the proposed problem is NP-hard, and propose a novel graph model to mathematically formulate the problem. For the general case, we propose a transmission metric and design an efficient algorithm to determine the transmission rate and coding strategy for each transmission. For a special case when all delay constraints are the same, we study the pairwise coding and present a polynomial time pairwise coding algorithm that achieves an approximation ratio of 1 − 1 e to the optimal pairwise coding solution, where e is the base of the natural logarithm. Finally, simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed RSNC scheme.
I. INTRODUCTIONWith the increase in both wireless channel bandwidth and computational capability of wireless devices, wireless networks can be used to support time critical applications such as video streaming or interactive gaming. Such time critical applications require the data content to reach the destination node(s) in a timely fashion, i.e., a delay deadline is imposed on packet reception, beyond which the reception becomes useless (or invalid) [1]- [5]. These constraints can be imposed either by applications or the users. For example, many financial users are interested in the up-to-minute stock quotes so as to react to dynamic and rapid market. As another example, in wireless location-based services, the queried information (e.g., the traffic jam) is valid within a local area, as when the mobile user (e.g., vehicle user) leaves the area, the information becomes useless [6].Recently, network coding becomes a promising approach to improve wireless network performance [7]- [16]. Specifically, Xiumin Wang is currently with the USTC as an assistant professor, a lecturer, and an associate professor. Currently, he is leading a group of research students in doing some networking and high performance computing research. His research interests include network coding, wireless network, combinatorial optimization, design and analysis of parallel algorithm, parallel programming tools, etc. He received the Excellent Ph.D Advisor Award of Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2006.