Excision of arteriovenous malformation of lower lip without embolisation

Abstract

Generally, vascular malformations can be categorised into lowflow lesions and high-flow lesions according to their blood flow volume. Arteriovenous malformations in the extracranial region are rare, and haemodynamically they are generally high-flow lesions. Presently, the mainstay of treatment of an arteriovenous malformation are embolisation, surgical excision or a combination of both. Preoperative endovascular embolisation is widely accepted, but there are limitations to the treatment. Severe haemorrhage as well as difficult reconstruction is frequently encountered. We reported a case of arteriovenous malformation of the lower lip, which was empirically removed by complete excision and reconstruction with a nasolabial flap without preoperative embolisation in a 52-year-old woman. There were no procedure related complications and morbidity. Lip functions were preserved and cosmetic results were excellent. Our opinion is that these lesions can be excised without preoperative angiogram and/or embolisation as long as they are accessible with predictable haemostasis control, well circumscribed and do not have clinical evidence of extensive collaterals.

Single-stage reconstruction of traumatic lower lip defects with chin island myocutaneous and labial mucosal flap

“…Defects exceeding the anatomical boundaries of the lower lip are difficult to repair from lower lip alone. Flaps from cheek,[ 25 ] nasolabial,[ 11 19 26 27 ] and upper lip[ 19 ] may be required. [ 12 28 ] Common flaps used in the repair of large lip defects after excision of the cancerous lesions are Karapandzic[ 29 30 ] flap (1974), Bernard Webster Flap (1852),[ 31 ] Gillies flap, nasolabial flap Ujimore's (1980) Mcgregor, and Gillies fan flap, Fujimora gate flap,[ 32 ] Bernard[ 31 ] Diffenbach.…”

“…After malignancy,[ 1 5 ] trauma[ 1 ] is the second most common cause of lower lip defects. It is more commonly seen in young adults due to human bite,[ 1 ] animal bite,[ 7 ] road side accidents,[ 8 ] burn injuries,[ 9 ] cancrum oris,[ 10 ] A-V malformations,[ 11 ] cracker blast injuries, burn injuries, and hemangiomas.…”

A novel technique of reconstruction of vermilion by pedicled myomucosal labial vestibular flap in traumatic defect of lower lip

“…After malignancy, trauma is the second most common cause of lower lip defects. [ 2 ] It is more commonly seen in young adults due to roadside accidents,[ 3 ] burn injuries, animal bite,[ 4 ] human bite,[ 2 ] cracker blast injuries, arteriovenous (A-V) malformations,[ 5 ] and cancrum oris. [ 6 ] We present a case report of one patient of traumatic defect of lower lip involving vermilion and lip.…”