Excitation functions and isomer ratios in the reactions 93Nb(α, xn) (x = 1−4)

Excitation functions and isomeric ratios in the reaction130Te (?,xpyn) for ?-particle energies between 15 and 37 MeV

“…Above a given energy the processes of preequilibrium emission play substantial role in reactions of this type and are convenient for investigation. Significant difficulties occurred when trying to make correct theoretical predictions for the isomeric cross section ratios observed in 93Nb(0~,xn) 97-~Tc, x= 1, 4 [4,5] and in 93Nb(3He, n)95Tc [5,6]. Similar discrepancies can be seen for (p, 3n) and (p, pn) reactions on ~9VAu in a recent study [7].…”

“…However a fraction, called by-pass fraction, of the states with J > Jcr may feed the low spin isomer. The probability to populate predominantly the high spin state from states with J>J~, according to [4], is determined by the amount of configuration mixing i.e. by the probability for population of single particle states (the isomeric states are the result of such shell model states) from collective rotational states in the regaion of the yrast line.…”

Measurement of isomeric yield ratios in the photo-production of 133m,g;137m,g Ce from nat Ce using 55-, 60-, and 65-MeV bremsstrahlung

“…The IR values thus provide information about the effect of entrance channel parameters such as excitation energy and input angular momentum as well as the estimate of the amount of angular momentum transferred in the entrance channels [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Studies on the IR values also give an idea about the level density and discrete level structure of the residual nucleus [11][12][13][14][15].…”

“…Major explanations of the above facts are based on the charged particle such as 4 He-, 3 He-, 2 H, and proton-induced reactions, which are available in different evaluations [22][23][24][25] and EXFOR compilation [26]. However, in the charged particle-induced reactions [5,6,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15], it is difficult to delineate the role of excitation energy in the presence of input angular momentum to examine the above aspects. This is possible in the studies of independent isomeric yield ratios for the photon-and neutron-induced reactions of various elements at different projectile energies and comparing the data with the charged particle-induced reactions for similar compound nucleus having the same charge (Z) with one or two mass (A) difference due to difference in neutron numbers.…”

“…In the charged particle-induced reactions [5,6,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15], the mechanism involved in the production of isomeric states has been explained based on the compound nucleus formalism. However, non-compound or pre-equilibrium processes start at the higher http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2015.02.055 0168-583X/Ó 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.…”