Excitation-Wavelength-Dependent Emission Behavior in (NH₄)₂SnCl₆ via Sb³⁺ Dopant

Abstract

With high photoluminescence efficiency and a simple solution synthesis method, lead halide perovskites are expected to be a promising material for display and illumination. However, the toxicity and environmental sensitivity of lead hinder its potential applications. Here, we introduced Sb 3+ ions into the lead-free perovskites derivative (NH 4 ) 2 SnCl 6 via a doping strategy. For the first time we synthesis the excitation-dependent perovskite with dynamically tunable fluorescence from yellow to near-infrared (NIR) emission by varying the UV excitation from 360 to 390 nm at room temperature. The DFT calculations are highly consistent no matter whether the coordination number of Sb 3+ is 5 or 6. In contrasting to the early report of Sb triplet emission in the Sb doped perovskite, this material give a mixed self-trapped exciton (STE) emission. The 590 nm emission band is derived from the STE of SbCl 5 , and the 734 nm NIR emission band is attributed to the Sb−Sn mixed STE, which is supported by DFT calculations and spectral results. This study provides guidance for the design of perovskite phosphors with high efficiency and excitation-dependent properties.

Boosting the broadband orange emission in organic–inorganic hybrid (DPG)3InBr6viaantimony doping

“…The absorption near band-edge is much enhanced by the Sb triplet state nearby indicating that Sb ion orbitals have a great contribution to absorption. 15 Moreover, the calculated bandgap via the Tauc equation decreases gradually with the increasing Sb 3+ concentration (Fig. S9, ESI †), which is consistent with the extended absorption range at higher Sb 3+ doping content (Fig.…”

“…14 Recently, Lin et al successfully incorporated Sb 3+ into the (NH 4 ) 2 SnCl 6 lattice and achieved emission at 690 nm which is derived from the STEs of SbCl 5 . 15 These facts confirm that Sb 3+ with an 5s 2 electron is an excellent and potential dopant. However, although the Sb 3+ ions have been successfully inserted into the lattice, highly efficient Sb-doped organic indium bromides with [SbBr 5 ] 2− pyramids have not been widely reported and the relationship between their structures and photophysical properties has not been fully understood.…”

Antimony doped tin(iv) hybrid metal halides with high-efficiency tunable emission, WLED and information encryption

“…Then what is the source of the sideband emission state ES3 at 740 nm? In an early report, we found an independent DAP band in Sb doped NH 4 SnCl 4 56 because of the clear difference of electronegativity and electronic density of Sb and Sn ions as well as close separation in halides. Therefore the 740 nm band may be the Sn and Sb site charge-transfer radiation transition between the SbCl 5 site(D) and Sn site(A).…”

Zero-Dimensional Halides with ns2 Electron (Sb3+) Activation to Generate Broad Photoluminescence

“…Sb-doped OIMHs have been reported to emit blue, orange, or white light, with many applications for near-infrared emission. These findings indicate that appropriate ion doping can break the parity prohibition and induce carrier-absorption transitions, thereby generating colored luminescence. ,− Noculak et al synthesized Cs 2 MInCl 6 : x Sb (M = Na, K, x = 0–100%) with efficient broadband blue emission (Na, PLQY = 82%) and green emission (K, PLQY = 93%) . Kshirsagar et al reported that Sb 3+ -doped Cs 2 InCl 5 ·H 2 O exhibits highly efficient and strong temperature-dependent green luminescence .…”