Excited cosmic strings with superconducting currents

Abstract

Publisher's copyright statement:Reprinted with permission from the American Physical Society: Hartmann, Betti, Michel, Florent Peter, Patrick (2017). Excited cosmic strings with superconducting currents. Physical Review D 96(12): 123531 c 2017 by the American Physical Society. Readers may view, browse, and/or download material for temporary copying purposes only, provided these uses are for noncommercial personal purposes. Except as provided by law, this material may not be further reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modied, adapted, performed, displayed, published, or sold in whole or part, without prior written permission from the American Physical Society.Additional information: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. We present a detailed analysis of excited cosmic string solutions that possess superconducting currents. These currents can be excited inside the string core, and-if the condensate is large enough-can lead to the excitations of the Higgs field. Next to the case with global unbroken symmetry, we discuss also the effects of the gauging of this symmetry and show that excited condensates persist when coupled to an electromagnetic field. The space-time of such strings is also constructed by solving the Einstein equations numerically and we show how the local scalar curvature is modified by the excitation. We consider the relevance of our results on the cosmic string network evolution as well as observations of primordial gravitational waves and cosmic rays.

Maxwell-Higgs vortices with internal structure

“…An interesting result of this model was the possibility of adding internal structure to the solution, having superconducting properties. In [6] and in the more recent works [7][8][9] and in references therein one finds other studies related to the presence of superconducting strings.…”

“…Thus, the real scalar field can be seen as a source to generate the vortex configuration, and we call it the source field. Although this is not apparent from the equations of motion (8), it is clear in the first order equations. Moreover, concerning the first order equations, it seems that the model one is dealing with is the bosonic portion of a larger, supersymmetric theory, which will be further investigated elsewhere.…”

“…the Bogomol'nyi bound is saturated, such that the energy is minimized to E = E B . Therefore, we have obtained three first order equations to study the problem, since they satisfy the equations of motion (8). As one knows, the fact that the solutions of the above first order equations ( 14) and ( 15) saturate the Bogomol'nyi bound implies stability against decay into similar lower energy configurations.…”

Gravitating superconducting solitons in the (3+1)-dimensional Einstein gauged non-linear $$\sigma $$-model

“…1 From left to right, the α profile and the Ricci scalar S as functions of the X coordinate and metric function e −2R(r ) as a function of the r coordinate Fig. 2 The metric function G as a function of X and θ reference [56] as well as [84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101] and references therein). The second motivation is related to the fact that such remarkable objects can be constructed using quite reasonable ingredients.…”

Common Material Foundation of Gravitation Theory and Quantum Theory

“…Regarding the gravitational theory, quantum theory and universal theory, it can be said that currently a hundred schools of thought is contending for their advancement [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. What is the material foundation of the space?…”