Excited-state absorption studies of Cr/sup 4+/ ions in several garnet host crystals

Burshtein, Z.; Blau, Pinhas; Kalisky, Y.; Shimony, Y.; Kikta, M.R.

doi:10.1109/3.658716

Cited by 153 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The lifetime in the lower excited Bleaching of Cr 4+ ions in garnets is observed in the range 0.85-1.20 μm and is due to saturated absorption of the transition [53,77,[82][83][84][85][86][87][88]. Absorption from the excited state in this spectral range, which is due to transitions Table 3).…”

Section: Crmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saturable absorbers based on tetrahedrally coordinated transition-metal ions in crystals (Review)

Malyarevich

Yumashev

2009

J Appl Spectrosc

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Published data on spectroscopic characteristics of saturable absorbers based on crystals doped with tetrahedrally coordinated transition-metal ions (Cr 2+ , Cr 4+ , Cr 5+ , V 3+ , Cr 2+ , Fe 2+ ) in addition to their use as passive Q-switches for solid-state lasers emitting in the visible and near-infrared regions are reviewed.Introduction. The use of saturable absorbers (SA) as passive Q-switches (PS) in solid-state lasers is an effective method for generating nanosecond and subnanosecond light pulses. This method differs favorably from active control of laser cavity gain by the lack of mechanical perturbations of the optical devices, additional sources of power supply, and external electrical control circuits. This simplifies the construction and operation of the laser and reduces its cost. Compact solid-state mini-lasers and ultra-small lasers (so-called microchip lasers) can be fabricated if PS are used.A SA is an optical material for which the transmission increases with increasing power density of the incident radiation. The SA should satisfy several requirements in order to be used as a PS. First of all this applies to SA characteristics at the laser operating wavelength such as absorption saturation energy density, coefficient of residual absorption in the fully bleached state, bleaching rise and fall time, and optical destruction threshold. The requirements for their absolute values depend on the spectroscopic properties of the lasing medium (LM) and the laser cavity parameters.In most instances with certain exceptions, SA based on tetrahedrally coordinated (TC) transition-metal ions of the iron group have bleaching relaxation times that are longer than the generation time of the laser pulses obtained using them. Such SA are usually called slowly relaxing. Relaxation processes leading to a restoration of their initial absorption can be ignored in analyzing their operation in a laser. In the simplest instance (if a four-level diagram is used for the spectroscopic model of the SA), the criterion for SA functioning as a PS is written [1-8]:

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Section: Crmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saturable absorbers based on tetrahedrally coordinated transition-metal ions in crystals (Review)

Malyarevich

Yumashev

2009

J Appl Spectrosc

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“…In the theoretical calculations shown in Fig.3, we assumed the ground-state absorption cross section of Cr 4+ :YAG as σ SA =2×10 -18 cm 2 and the excited-state absorption as σ ESA =5×10 -19 cm 2 . These are very important parameters but vary greatly in previous reports hence we used the averaged values in recent reports (Burshtein et al, 1998;Xiao et al, 1999;Feldman et al, 2003). In the calculation of pulse energy, we also assumed that the laser mode has the same size as the pump beam.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Passively Q-switched Lasermentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-Solid-State Laser for Ignition of Automobile Engines

Tsunekane¹,

Inohara²,

Kanehara³

et al. 2010

Advances in Solid State Lasers Development and Applications

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“…[14][15][16][17][18][19] >ÿ vÊ* .&~ ÂKßWf êṼ ²w" z>Ú~ zßWö ~. V¢B, > ÿ vÊ* .& ÂK~ 'z¢ * .& îß W" z®Ú z>Ú~ V&çf Vç~ >ßW ö & & Ö 7º~.…”

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“…Ôf Q-çöB 7> Î"¢ J (4) ² >*&ê>º (5) :YAG~ R"êf V&ç >N &êç ßW. Ö'b, ¸f Q-çöB ¾ae¾º Vç >(excited state absorption), [4,13,15] V&ç~ ® z [2] '>, *Ï", fÒV, "zW>Ú Cr …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The characteristics of the passively Q-switched Nd:YAG laser output energy with the initial absorbing effect of Cr⁴⁺:YAG absorber

Choi¹,

Yoon²,

Kim³

2002

Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics

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Excited-state absorption studies of Cr/sup 4+/ ions in several garnet host crystals

Cited by 153 publications

References 20 publications

Saturable absorbers based on tetrahedrally coordinated transition-metal ions in crystals (Review)

Saturable absorbers based on tetrahedrally coordinated transition-metal ions in crystals (Review)

Micro-Solid-State Laser for Ignition of Automobile Engines

The characteristics of the passively Q-switched Nd:YAG laser output energy with the initial absorbing effect of Cr⁴⁺:YAG absorber

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Excited-state absorption studies of Cr/sup 4+/ ions in several garnet host crystals

Cited by 153 publications

References 20 publications

Saturable absorbers based on tetrahedrally coordinated transition-metal ions in crystals (Review)

Saturable absorbers based on tetrahedrally coordinated transition-metal ions in crystals (Review)

Micro-Solid-State Laser for Ignition of Automobile Engines

The characteristics of the passively Q-switched Nd:YAG laser output energy with the initial absorbing effect of Cr4+:YAG absorber

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The characteristics of the passively Q-switched Nd:YAG laser output energy with the initial absorbing effect of Cr⁴⁺:YAG absorber