The theory and practice of resonance Raman spectroscopy is discussed in this article. In this technique, laser radiation resonance with an allowed electronic transition is employed to excite the vibrational light scattering spectrum. The frequency shifts of the scattered light reveal vibrational transitions within the ground electronic state, while the intensity of each Raman band as a function of exciting frequency, called the Raman excitation profile, depends on the dynamics in the resonant excited electronic state. This chapter considers the experimental and theoretical aspects of determining absolute Raman intensities for the purpose of studying the dynamics of excited electronic states. Experimental considerations for the determination of absolute Raman cross sections include the polarization of incident and scattered light, and corrections for self‐absorption and instrument response. Theoretical approaches include the sum‐over‐state expression, transform theory, and time‐dependent theory. Applications of resonance Raman spectroscopy in the study of electron transfer and solvent dynamics are described.