Exciting New Developments and Emerging Themes in Glycosaminoglycan Research

Merry, Catherine L. R.

doi:10.1369/0022155420974361

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Hyaluronan does not possess sulfate groups and consists of the disaccharide unit [-b (1,4)-glucuronic acid (GlcA)-b(1,3)-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)-b1-]. It is synthesized at the plasma membrane as a free polysaccharide and is not covalently attached to any PG core protein.…”

Section: Ha Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mammalian glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), except hyaluronan (HA), are sulfated polysaccharides covalently attached to core proteins to form proteoglycans (PGs). This article aims to provide an overview of the GAG biosynthetic pathways and of GAG biological significance in health and disease, with a focus on cancer, inflammation, and fibrosis, and to highlight the perspectives and pending questions in addition to the recently identified challenges [1]. This article complements the recently published roadmap article on GAG chemistry, analyses, structures, interactions, biophysics, and glycobioinformatics tools [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A biological guide to glycosaminoglycans: current perspectives and pending questions

Ricard‐Blum,

Vivès,

Schaefer

et al. 2024

The FEBS Journal

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Mammalian glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), except hyaluronan (HA), are sulfated polysaccharides that are covalently attached to core proteins to form proteoglycans (PGs). This article summarizes key biological findings for the most widespread GAGs, namely HA, chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS), keratan sulfate (KS), and heparan sulfate (HS). It focuses on the major processes that remain to be deciphered to get a comprehensive view of the mechanisms mediating GAG biological functions. They include the regulation of GAG biosynthesis and postsynthetic modifications in heparin (HP) and HS, the composition, heterogeneity, and function of the tetrasaccharide linkage region and its role in disease, the functional characterization of the new PGs recently identified by glycoproteomics, the selectivity of interactions mediated by GAG chains, the display of GAG chains and PGs at the cell surface and their impact on the availability and activity of soluble ligands, and on their move through the glycocalyx layer to reach their receptors, the human GAG profile in health and disease, the roles of GAGs and particular PGs (syndecans, decorin, and biglycan) involved in cancer, inflammation, and fibrosis, the possible use of GAGs and PGs as disease biomarkers, and the design of inhibitors targeting GAG biosynthetic enzymes and GAG–protein interactions to develop novel therapeutic approaches.

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Section: Ha Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A biological guide to glycosaminoglycans: current perspectives and pending questions

Ricard‐Blum,

Vivès,

Schaefer

et al. 2024

The FEBS Journal

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“…The multiple linkage possibilities result in complex structures for glycans, often taking on highly branched forms [18,19]. At the biomolecular level, various types of glycans have been discovered in free or in conjunction forms [20] (Figure 1), such as N-linked and O-linked glycoproteins [21], N-linked small RNAs [22], glycolipids [23,24], proteoglycans [25][26][27], glycosaminoglycans [28,29] (GAGs), and glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchors covalently attached to proteins [30,31]. The glycosylation of conjugates is diverse.…”

Section: Glycomementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in microscale separation techniques for glycome analysis

Liu,

Otsuka,

Kawai

2024

J of Separation Science

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The glycomic analysis holds significant appeal due to the diverse roles that glycans and glycoconjugates play, acting as modulators and mediators in cellular interactions, cell/organism structure, drugs, energy sources, glyconanomaterials, and more. The glycomic analysis relies on liquid‐phase separation technologies for molecular purification, separation, and identification. As a miniaturized form of liquid‐phase separation technology, microscale separation technologies offer various advantages such as environmental friendliness, high resolution, sensitivity, fast speed, and integration capabilities. For glycan analysis, microscale separation technologies are continuously evolving to address the increasing challenges in their unique manners. This review discusses the fundamentals and applications of microscale separation technologies for glycomic analysis. It covers liquid‐phase separation technologies operating at scales generally less than 100 µm, including capillary electrophoresis, nanoflow liquid chromatography, and microchip electrophoresis. We will provide a brief overview of glycomic analysis and describe new strategies in microscale separation and their applications in glycan analysis from 2014 to 2023.

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Marine Polysaccharides in Tailor-made Drug Delivery

Manna

Jana

2022

CPD

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Marine sources have attracted much interest as an emerging source of biomaterials in drug delivery applications. Amongst all other marine biopolymers, polysaccharides have been the mostly investigated class of biomaterials. The low cytotoxic behavior, in combination with the newly explored health benefits of marine polysaccharides has made it one of the prime research areas in the pharmaceutical and biomedical fields. In this review, we focused on all available marine polysaccharides, including their classification based on biological sources. The applications of several marine polysaccharides in recent years for tissue-specific novel drug delivery including gastrointestinal, brain tissue, transdermal, ocular, liver, and lung have also been discussed here. The abundant availability in nature, cost-effective extraction, and purification process along with a favorable biodegradable profile will encourage researchers to continue investigating marine polysaccharides for exploring newer applications in targeting specific delivery of therapeutics.

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Exciting New Developments and Emerging Themes in Glycosaminoglycan Research

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

A biological guide to glycosaminoglycans: current perspectives and pending questions

A biological guide to glycosaminoglycans: current perspectives and pending questions

Recent advances in microscale separation techniques for glycome analysis

Marine Polysaccharides in Tailor-made Drug Delivery

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