Exciton mediated self-organization in glass driven by ultrashort light pulses

Beresna, Martynas; Gecevičius, Mindaugas; Kazansky, Peter G.; Taylor, T.; Kavokin, A. V.

doi:10.1063/1.4742899

Cited by 87 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The role of the chemistry in laser-induced structural glass modification was addressed in many studies [52][53][54][55][56][57][79][80][81][82]. Several experimental works reported the presence of color centers [53,55], voids [57,80], and oxygen [52,81] in laser-ablated glasses and also self-trapped excitons [71,79], which influence energy transport and lattice defect formation [31,32]. It is also known that oxygen vacancies lead to the narrowing of the material band gap [52,55,83,84].…”

Section: Numerical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, this dependency cannot be explained by corresponding changes of the refractive index [43]. It was also reported that longitudinal periodicity of nanogratings could be explained by interference of short-living exciton polaritons [31,32]. In contrast to plasma wave [1] and nanoplasmonic models [2,4], this approach requires low electron densities, as at higher densities the exciton-polariton interaction is heavily screened by the electron plasma when it begins to efficiently absorb laser energy [44].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several hypotheses were proposed to explain the organization of periodic structures as an interference between the incident wave and electron plasma waves [1,13], an interplay between nanoplasmonic and incubation effects [2,4,29,30], self-trapping of excitons [31,32], standing wave [33], ionization scattering instabilities [34][35][36], second harmonic generation [37], Boson condensation [38], Coulomb explosion [39], excitation of surface plasmon polaritons [40,41], and a spacecharge built from ponderomotive force [42]. The first model for nanograting formation was proposed by Shimotsuma et al [1] based on the interference of the laser field with the laserinduced plasma waves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From random inhomogeneities to periodic nanostructures induced in bulk silica by ultrashort laser

2016

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Femtosecond laser-induced volume nanograting formation is numerically investigated. The developed model solves nonlinear Maxwell's equations coupled with multiple rate free carrier density equations in the presence of randomly distributed inhomogeneities in fused silica. As a result of the performed calculations, conduction band electron density is shown to form nanoplanes elongated perpendicular to the laser polarization. Two types of nanoplanes are identified. The structures of the first type have a characteristic period of the laser wavelength in glass and are attributed to the interference of the incident and the inhomogeneity-scattered light waves. Field components induced by coherent multiple scattering in directions perpendicular to the laser polarization are shown to be responsible for the formation of the second type of structures with a subwavelength periodicity. In this case, the influence of the inhomogeneity concentration on the period of nanoplanes is shown. The calculation results not only help to identify the physical origin of the self-organized nanogratings, but also explain their period and orientation.

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Section: Numerical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From random inhomogeneities to periodic nanostructures induced in bulk silica by ultrashort laser

2016

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“…The ability to record and read several layers of information via nanogratings was demonstrated by Shimotsuma et al [8]. Later it was demonstrated that digital information can be independently recorded simultaneously in retardance and slow axis orientation [9]. The retardance can be controlled with a precision of about 10 nm, while slow axis angle can be defined with a few degree precision.…”

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confidence: 99%

Engineering Anisotropy in Glass with Ultrafast Laser Assisted Nanostructuring

Beresna

Drevinskas

Zhang

et al. 2015

Frontiers in Optics 2015

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Recent applications of femtosecond laser assisted self-assembled nanostructures will be overviewed. Specifically, polarization sensitive optical elements and 5-dimensional optical data storage with practically unlimited life-time will be demonstrated and discussed. Material processing with ultrafast lasers has attracted considerable interest due to new science and a wide range of applications from laser surgery, integrated optics to optical data storage [1,2]. A decade ago it has been discovered that under certain irradiation conditions ordered sub-wavelength structures with features smaller than 20 nm can be formed in the volume of silica glass [3]. Here we discuss recent applications of self-assembled sub-wavelength structuring specifically polarization sensitive optical elements such as the S-waveplate and polarization multiplexed optical data storage.Nanogratings exhibits much larger refractive index change than isotropic refractive index increase which is exploited for waveguide writing. For diffractive optics the sign of refractive index does not play crucial role thus a negative refractive index change of nanogratings is well suited for this purpose. Additionally, the femtosecond laser written nanostructure acts as a micro-waveplate with slow axis oriented perpendicular to the polarization of the laser beam [4]. By continuously scanning the bulk of the glass a uniform birefringent layer can be inscribed, which depending on spatial pattern of slow axis can act as a certain optical element, which can control polarization and phase of the passing light (Fig. 1). Using lenses of moderate NA (0.15-0.2) the optical elements with half-wave retardance for ~500 nm can be written in a single scan at a speed of several millimeters per second. The half-wave retardance is of particular interest since, when circularly polarized light is transmitted through a half-wave plate an absolute phase shift results, which is equal to twice the rotation angle of the wave plate. Theoretically any phase pattern can be achieved solely by means of geometric phase with efficiencies reaching 100% [5]. The S-waveplates (Southampton-Super-Structured-waveplates) are one of the examples of such birefringent optical elements, which can be used for obtaining axially symmetric polarization state, e.g. radial or azimuthal [6]. Recently, such radial symmetry of the electric field attracted considerable interest due to its ability to produce strong longitudinal component. Alternatively, the same S-waveplate can be used for generating optical beams carrying angular momentum. The ability to control amount of angular momentum by changing polarization of incident beam is one of particular benefits of the S-waveplate. This enabled us to gradually control the torque transferred to microparticles trapped by an optical vortex [7]. We also were able to extend this technique to higher order optical vortices with charges as high as one hundred. The observed asymmetry in rotation speed proposes a technique for measuring the interaction between tra...

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“…21,22 Despite many hypotheses to explain the mechanism of the peculiar self-organization, the formation of the periodic nanostructures remains under debate giving the ideas of seeding processes governed by the randomly distributed inhomogeneity. 21,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29] Recently it was demonstrated that these nanostructures are nanoporous planes filled with decomposed SiO 2 and oxygen. 30,31 Such a periodic assembly behaves as a uniaxial birefringent material with the optical axis oriented parallel to the polarization of incident laser beam.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-performance geometric phase elements in silica glass

Drevinskas

Kazansky

2017

APL Photonics

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High-precision three-dimensional ultrafast laser direct nanostructuring of silica glass resulting in multi-layered space-variant dielectric metasurfaces embedded in volume is demonstrated. Continuous phase profiles of nearly any optical component are achieved solely by the means of geometric phase. Complex designs of half-wave retarders with 90% transmission at 532 nm and >95% transmission at >1 μm, including polarization gratings with efficiency nearing 90% and computer generated holograms with a phase gradient of ∼0.8π rad/μm, were fabricated. A vortex half-wave retarder generating a single beam optical vortex with a tunable orbital angular momentum of up to ±100ℏ is shown. The high damage threshold of silica elements enables the simultaneous optical manipulation of a large number of micro-objects using high-power laser beams. Thus, the continuous control of torque without altering the intensity distribution was implemented in optical trapping demonstration with a total of 5 W average power, which is otherwise impossible with alternate beam shaping devices. In principle, the direct-write technique can be extended to any transparent material that supports laser assisted nanostructuring and can be effectively exploited for the integration of printed optics into multi-functional optoelectronic systems.

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Exciton mediated self-organization in glass driven by ultrashort light pulses

Cited by 87 publications

References 28 publications

From random inhomogeneities to periodic nanostructures induced in bulk silica by ultrashort laser

From random inhomogeneities to periodic nanostructures induced in bulk silica by ultrashort laser

Engineering Anisotropy in Glass with Ultrafast Laser Assisted Nanostructuring

High-performance geometric phase elements in silica glass

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