Exclusive breastfeeding practices in relation to social and health determinants: a comparison of the 2006 and 2011 Nepal Demographic and Health Surveys

Khanal, Vishnu; Sauer, Kathryn; Zhao, Yun

doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-958

Cited by 54 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…The same study further reported that infants who were breastfed for any duration were more likely to be protected against mortality [38]. Khanal, Sauer and Zhao [37] identified breastfeeding as one of the protective factor for infant survival. Other researchers further identified consistent findings that breastfeeding reduces the risk of major infections as well as SIDS during infancy [38, 39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Those infants who were not currently being breastfed had 2.65 times higher risk of dying compared to their counterparts. Studies have identified that breastfed children were more likely to be protected from several infections and mortality [37]. A meta-analysis conducted between 1966 and 2009 found breastfeeding to be protective against Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors associated with infant mortality in Nepal: a comparative analysis of Nepal demographic and health surveys (NDHS) 2006 and 2011

et al. 2017

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BackgroundInfant mortality is one of the priority public health issues in developing countries like Nepal. The infant mortality rate (IMR) was 48 and 46 per 1000 live births for the year 2006 and 2011, respectively, a slight reduction during the 5 years’ period. A comprehensive analysis that has identified and compared key factors associated with infant mortality is limited in Nepal, and, therefore, this study aims to fill the gap.MethodsDatasets from Nepal Demographic and Health Surveys (NDHS) 2006 and 2011 were used to identify and compare the major factors associated with infant mortality. Both surveys used multistage stratified cluster sampling techniques. A total of 8707 and 10,826 households were interviewed in 2006 and 2011, with more than 99% response rate in both studies. The survival information of singleton live-born infants born 5 years preceding the two surveys were extracted from the ‘childbirth’ dataset. Multiple logistic regression analysis using a hierarchical modelling approach with the backward elimination method was conducted. Complex Samples Analysis was used to adjust for unequal selection probability due to the multistage stratified cluster-sampling procedure used in both NDHS.ResultsBased on NDHS 2006, ecological region, succeeding birth interval, breastfeeding status and type of delivery assistance were found to be significant predictors of infant mortality. Infants born in hilly region (AOR = 0.43, p = 0.013) and with professional assistance (AOR = 0.27, p = 0.039) had a lower risk of mortality. On the other hand, infants with succeeding birth interval less than 24 months (AOR = 6.66, p = 0.001) and those who were never breastfed (AOR = 1.62, p = 0.044) had a higher risk of mortality.Based on NDHS 2011, birth interval (preceding and succeeding) and baby’s size at birth were identified to be significantly associated with infant mortality. Infants born with preceding birth interval (AOR = 1.94, p = 0.022) or succeeding birth interval (AOR = 3.22, p = 0.002) shorter than 24 months had higher odds of mortality while those born with a very large or larger than average size had significantly lowered odds (AOR = 0.17, p = 0.008) of mortality.ConclusionIMR and associated risk factors differ between NDHS 2006 and 2011 except ‘succeeding birth interval’ which attained significant status in the both study periods. This study identified the ecological region, birth interval, delivery assistant type, baby’s birth size and breastfeeding status as significant predictors of infant mortality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with infant mortality in Nepal: a comparative analysis of Nepal demographic and health surveys (NDHS) 2006 and 2011

et al. 2017

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“…Tracing back to history, such a classification has been reported as early as around 1850s. 9 Based on similarities among the castes, the ethnic groups are formed. The Dalit caste in Nepal is a socially and economically marginalised community.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moderate-to-severe anaemia among children aged 6–59 months in Nepal: An analysis from Nepal Demographic and Health Survey, 2011

Khanal

Karkee

Adhikari

et al. 2016

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health

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Child Factors Prevalence Nepal a b s t r a c t Introduction: Anaemia among children is one of the major nutrition-related morbidities in developing countries. Surveillance of moderate-to-severe anaemia is recommended for the assessment of burden of anaemia in countries with high burden of anaemia. The objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with moderate-to-severe anaemia among the children aged 6-59 months in Nepal based on Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2011.Methods: This study used the dataset from the NDHS 2011. The information of last-born children whose haemoglobin was measured during the survey was used for analysis in this study. The factors associated with moderate-to-severe anaemia among children were examined using Chi-square test and logistic regression. Complex Sample Analysis was used to account for the study design and sampling.Results: Of the 1605 last-born children aged 6-59 months, 343 (odds ratio (OR) 20.4%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 17.9-23.2%) had moderate-to-severe anaemia. Almost half (49.1%) of the children had some degree of anaemia. Mothers' education, anaemia, ethnicity and children's age were significantly associated with moderate-to-severe anaemia among children. The mothers, who had no education (OR 3.362; 95% CI 1.485-7.611), who were suffering from anaemia (OR 3.278; 95% CI 1.884-5.704) and who were from disadvantaged Dalit ethnic groups (OR 1.739; 95% CI 1.133-2.669) were more likely to have their infants with anaemia. Similarly younger infants aged 6-11 months were more likely (OR 3.477; 95% CI 2.412-5.012) to suffer from anaemia.Conclusion: There was comparatively a high prevalence of anaemia in children aged 6-59 months. Proper treatment for mothers' anaemia with special attention on less educated and from disadvantaged ethnic groups will help reduce the anaemic status in children.

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“…In South Asian countries, like in Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri-Lanka, the most consistent determinants of complementary feeding practices across all countries including inadequate antenatal care, mode of delivery, and lack of postnatal contacts by health workers were among predictors of inappropriate feeding [11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Another community based cross-sectional study conducted in Tigray at AbiAdi town showed that mothers who followed postnatal care service were 2.8 times more likely to practice appropriate complementary feeding than those who did not follow the service [AOR = 2.86; 95% CI: 1.10, 7.46] [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complementary Feeding Practice and Associated Factors among Mothers Having Children 6–23 Months of Age, Lasta District, Amhara Region, Northeast Ethiopia

Molla¹,

Ejigu

Nega

2017

Advances in Public Health

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Introduction. The first two years of life are a critical window of opportunity for ensuring optimal child growth and development. Nutritional deficiencies during this period can lead to impaired cognitive development, compromised educational achievement, and low economic productivity. Improving infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices in children aged 0-23 months is therefore critical to improved nutrition, health, and development. Objective. The aim of the study is to assess the prevalence of complementary feeding practice and its associated factors among mothers with children aged 6−23 months in Lasta District, Northeast Ethiopia, 2015. Methods. A community based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 476 mothers who had children aged 6-23 months in the study area. Simple random sampling technique was used to select the required sample. A face-to-face interview was done to collect data using structured questionnaire. Data were entered with EPI info version 3.5.1 and cleaning and analysis were done using SPSS version 16. Frequencies distribution and binary and multiple logistic regressions were done. Results. In this study only 56.5% of children aged 6-23 months received appropriate complementary feeding, considering timely introduction, minimum dietary diversity, and meal frequency. Exposure to public media [AOR = 2.50; 95% CI: 1.44, 4.35], occupation of mother [AOR = 9.50; 95% CI: 1.02, 14.25], mothers decision making role on how to use family income [AOR = 5.54; 95% CI: 1.19, 11.74], and use of postnatal care service [AOR = 5.98; 95% CI: 1.49, 13.96] were found to be independent predictors of complementary feeding practice. Conclusion and Recommendation. About 43.5% of mothers were not feeding their children complementary food appropriately, which would have negative implication on the health of infants and young children. There was a statistically significant association of inappropriate complementary feeding practices with mothers' occupation, postnatal care service, media exposure, and mothers' decision making role on how the money is used. Health professionals should focus on advising and counseling mothers on appropriate complementary feeding during prenatal, delivery, postnatal, and immunization services.

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Exclusive breastfeeding practices in relation to social and health determinants: a comparison of the 2006 and 2011 Nepal Demographic and Health Surveys

Cited by 54 publications

References 45 publications

Factors associated with infant mortality in Nepal: a comparative analysis of Nepal demographic and health surveys (NDHS) 2006 and 2011

Factors associated with infant mortality in Nepal: a comparative analysis of Nepal demographic and health surveys (NDHS) 2006 and 2011

Moderate-to-severe anaemia among children aged 6–59 months in Nepal: An analysis from Nepal Demographic and Health Survey, 2011

Complementary Feeding Practice and Associated Factors among Mothers Having Children 6–23 Months of Age, Lasta District, Amhara Region, Northeast Ethiopia

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