Excretion of Glycolic Acid by Algae During Photosynthesis

Tolbert, N. E.; Zill, L.P.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(20)89946-3

Cited by 165 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…One compound which has received much attention in recent years is glycolic acid. The accumulation of this compound in substantial quantities (3 to 8 mg. per liter) in the supernatant liquid of actively photosynthesizing cultures of Chlorella pyrenoidosa was first reported by Tolbert and Zill (1956) and has been substantiated by several other studies (Nalewajko, Chowdhuri et al, 1963;Pritchard, Griffin et al, 1962;Spear, 1966;Warburg and Krippahl, 1960). The possibility of glycolate accumulation in natural waters in the same range of concentration as in the culture studies has been reported by Fogg and Nalewajko (1963) in their investigation on the waters of the English Lake District.…”

mentioning

confidence: 59%

Glycolic acid in natural waters and laboratory cultures

Spear¹,

Lee²

1968

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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confidence: 59%

Glycolic acid in natural waters and laboratory cultures

Spear¹,

Lee²

1968

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…As a result, biocorrosion products (here Nb-oxides) are being formed. Another aspect is that microalgae can produce organic acids, which are excreted into the water 83 , 84 . Consequently, a corrosive environment is formed, which transforms the Nb-MXenes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the mechanism of Nb-MXene bioremediation with green microalgae

Jakubczak

Bury

Purbayanto

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Rapidly developing nanotechnologies and their integration in daily applications may threaten the natural environment. While green methods of decomposing organic pollutants have reached maturity, remediation of inorganic crystalline contaminants is major problem due to their low biotransformation susceptibility and the lack of understanding of material surface-organism interactions. Herein, we have used model inorganic 2D Nb-based MXenes coupled with a facile shape parameters analysis approach to track the mechanism of bioremediating 2D ceramic nanomaterials with green microalgae Raphidocelis subcapitata. We have found that microalgae decomposed the Nb-based MXenes due to surface-related physicochemical interactions. Initially, single and few-layered MXene nanoflakes attached to microalgae surfaces, which slightly reduced algal growth. But with prolonged surface interaction, the microalgae oxidized MXene nanoflakes and further decomposed them into NbO and Nb2O5. Since these oxides were nontoxic to microalgal cells, they consumed Nb-oxide nanoparticles by an uptake mechanism thus enabling further microalgae recovery after 72 h of water treatment. The uptake-associated nutritional effects were also reflected by cells’ increased size, smoothed shape and changed growth rates. Based on these findings, we conclude that short- and long-term presence of Nb-based MXenes in freshwater ecosystems might cause only negligible environmental effects. Notably, by using 2D nanomaterials as a model system, we show evidence of the possibility of tracking even fine material shape transformations. In general, this study answers an important fundamental question about the surface interaction-associated processes that drive the mechanism of 2D nanomaterials’ bioremediation as well as provides the fundamental basis for further short- and long-term investigations on the environmental effects of inorganic crystalline nanomaterials.

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“…I t has been suggested th at a metabolic route from glycollate through serine to sucrose occurs in Chlorella. Although uptake of glycollate has been reported at low pH values in Chlorella (Miller et al 1963) and Scenedesmus (Schou, Benson, Bassham & Calvin 1950), at higher pH values glycollic acid is largely excreted as an extracellular product (Tolbert & Zill 1956;Pritchard et al 1962). Higher plants-for example, excised pea leaves (Miflin et al 1966)-will take up 2C compounds and have been shown to operate a two-carbon pathway.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The accumulation of glycollic acid as a major product of photosynthesis has been shown on many occasions (Tolbert & Zill 1956;Warburg & Krippahl i960;Pritchard, Griffin & W hittingham 1962;Miller, Meyer & Tanner 1963). At low partial pressures of carbon dioxide or high light intensities, where carbon dioxide is limiting the rate of photosynthesis, its production is favoured.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The photoassimilation of glucose in Chlorella with reference to the role of glycollic acid

Marker

Whittingham

1966

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B.

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The photometabolism of glucose by Chlorella pyrenoidosa was studied by following the fate of exogenously supplied glucose-1- 14 C, glucose-2- 14 C and glucose-6- 14 C. The sucrose and insoluble polyglucan formed were extracted and hydrolysed. The constituent glucose units were degraded to determine the distribution of radioactivity between the six carbon atoms of the glucose chain. Formation of glycollic acid and of glycine was stimulated by a gas stream of 100% oxygen and by adding isonicotinyl hydrazide ( INH ). Although increases of glycollic acid and glycine were observed as a result of these treatments and at the expense of both sucrose and polyglucan the distribution of 14 C between the carbon atoms of the glucose units was scarcely affected. The results are discussed with particular reference to the metabolism of glycollic acid in Chlorella .

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Excretion of Glycolic Acid by Algae During Photosynthesis

Cited by 165 publications

References 16 publications

Glycolic acid in natural waters and laboratory cultures

Glycolic acid in natural waters and laboratory cultures

Understanding the mechanism of Nb-MXene bioremediation with green microalgae

The photoassimilation of glucose in Chlorella with reference to the role of glycollic acid

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