Excretion of Vacuolating SV-40 Virus (Papova Virus Group) After Ingestion as a Contaminant of Oral Poliovaccine.

Melnick, Joseph L.; Stinebaugh, Sara E.

doi:10.3181/00379727-109-27392

Cited by 92 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In these individuals, SV40 was detected/isolated after a number of weeks or days, either in their stool or from their throat depending on oral or nasal spray administration of contaminated vaccines (46,47). At present, SV40 infection seems to occur independently from early contaminated vaccines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

High prevalence of serum antibodies reacting with simian virus 40 capsid protein mimotopes in patients affected by malignant pleural mesothelioma

Mazzoni¹,

Corallini

Cristaudo

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Human malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is considered a rare tumor, but recent estimations indicate that one-quarter million people will die of this neoplasm in Europe in the next three decades. The mineral asbestos is considered the main causative agent of this neoplasm. MPM is largely unresponsive to conventional chemotherapy/radiotherapy. In addition to asbestos exposure, genetic predisposition to asbestos carcinogenesis and to simian virus (SV) 40 infection has also been suggested. SV40 is a DNA tumor virus found in some studies to be associated at high prevalence with MPM. SV40 sequences have also been detected, although at a lower prevalence than in MPM, in blood specimens from healthy donors. However, some studies have failed to reveal SV40 footprints in MPM and its association with this neoplasm. These conflicting results indicate the need for further investigations with new approaches. We report on the presence of antibodies in serum samples from patients affected by MPM that specifically react with two different SV40 mimotopes. The two SV40 peptides used in indirect ELISAs correspond to viral capsid proteins. ELISA with the two SV40 mimotopes gave overlapping results. Our data indicate that in serum samples from MPM-affected patients (n = 97), the prevalence of antibodies against SV40 viral capsid protein antigens is significantly higher (26%, P = 0.043) than in the control group (15%) represented by healthy subjects (n = 168) with the same median age (66 y) and sex. Our results suggest that SV40 is associated with a subset of MPM and circulates in humans.antibody | neoplasia

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

High prevalence of serum antibodies reacting with simian virus 40 capsid protein mimotopes in patients affected by malignant pleural mesothelioma

Mazzoni¹,

Corallini

Cristaudo

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Therefore, millions of humans were unintentionally exposed to live SV40-contaminated polio vaccines worldwide during the period of mass vaccination between 1955 and 1963 (9,(20)(21)(22)(23). Since then, SV40 has continued to circulate in the human population, including Germany and Hungary (5,24). It has been suggested that the monkey virus is transmitted by those given the contaminated vaccine to their children, further spreading the potential cancer risk in humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of SV40 in osteosarcoma and healthy population: A Hungarian-German study

et al. 1994

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Abstract.Simian virus 40 (SV40) has been linked to human cancer, as has osteosarcoma (OS). Although significant discrepancies exist in the frequency, evidence that the virus plays a causative role in some malignancies is mounting. The large-T-antigen and significant SV40 oncoprotein, bind and inactivate the tumour suppressor genes p53 and pRb, which play a key role in osteosarcoma development. We analysed 277 OS samples from two different European countries (154 OS samples from Hungary and 123 from Germany). To ascertain the prevalence of SV40 in the general population, additional blood samples from healthy volunteers from the two countries (166 Hungarian and 149 German) were analysed. To reach an appropriate detection level, we investigated a real-time quantitative PCR-based assay for the detection and quantification of SV40 <10 copies in 500 ng of genomic DNA. We detected SV40 in 52% (143/277) of the OS samples analysed. In detail, we saw differences in the distribution of SV40 between the two countries. Of the Hungarian OS samples, 74% (114/154) showed high amounts of SV40 (>100 copies), whereas only 22% (29/123) of the German OS samples harbour small amounts of SV40 (~10 copies). SV40 was detected in 8 of 60 German tumour samples (14%) and 21 of 63 German blood samples (33%) from OS patients. In the peripheral blood of healthy volunteers we found only weak SV40 positivity (<10 copies) in the two countries with a somewhat higher frequency in Hungarian 30/166 (18%) than in German blood samples 2/149 (1.3%). No sequence variations were found in SV40-positive samples from the two countries. Our data demonstrate significant differences in the prevalence and quantity of SV40 in OS of these different European geographical origins with a lower frequency in the blood samples of healthy volunteers from the two countries, underlining again the geographical differences previously described by other investigators.

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“…Therefore, in hamsters and rodents (the species in which SV40 oncogenicity was tested), the viral load corresponds to the amount that is given and infection can only occur on direct injection of the virus into the body. Instead, because human cells are permissive to SV40 infection, millions of viral particles are produced on infection of relatively few cells: accordingly, humans, but not rodents, can be infected through airway or gastrointestinal exposure to SV40 (27,28). This evidence suggests that the potential risk of oral SV40 administration should not be underestimated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Some Oral Poliovirus Vaccines Were Contaminated with Infectious SV40 after 1961

Cutrone¹,

Lednicky

Dunn

et al. 2005

Cancer Research

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Some polio vaccines prepared from 1954 to 1961 were contaminated with infectious SV40. It has been assumed that all polio vaccines were SV40 free in the United States after 1961 and in other countries after 1962. Following a WHO requirement that was prompted by the detection of SV40 in some human tumors, we conducted a multilaboratory study to test for SV40 polio vaccines prepared after 1961. Vaccine samples from 13 countries and the WHO seed were initially tested by PCR. The possible presence of intact and/or infectious SV40 DNA in PCR-positive samples was tested by transfection and infection of permissive CV-1 cells. All results were verified by immunohistochemistry, cloning, and sequencing. All the vaccines were SV40 free, except for vaccines from a major eastern European manufacturer that contained infectious SV40. We determined that the procedure used by this manufacturer to inactivate SV40 in oral poliovirus vaccine seed stocks based on heat inactivation in the presence of MgCl 2 did not completely inactivate SV40. These SV40-contaminated vaccines were produced from early 1960s to about 1978 and were used throughout the world. Our findings underscore the potential risks of using primary monkey cells for preparing poliovirus vaccines, because of the possible contamination with SV40 or other monkey viruses, and emphasize the importance of using well-characterized cell substrates that are free from adventitious agents. Moreover, our results indicate possible geographic differences in SV40 exposure and offer a possible explanation for the different percentage of SV40-positive tumors detected in some laboratories. (Cancer Res 2005; 65(22): 10273-9)

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Excretion of Vacuolating SV-40 Virus (Papova Virus Group) After Ingestion as a Contaminant of Oral Poliovaccine.

Cited by 92 publications

References 3 publications

High prevalence of serum antibodies reacting with simian virus 40 capsid protein mimotopes in patients affected by malignant pleural mesothelioma

High prevalence of serum antibodies reacting with simian virus 40 capsid protein mimotopes in patients affected by malignant pleural mesothelioma

Evaluation of SV40 in osteosarcoma and healthy population: A Hungarian-German study

Some Oral Poliovirus Vaccines Were Contaminated with Infectious SV40 after 1961

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