Executive–cognitive functioning in the development of antisocial personality disorder

Testing neuropsychological hypotheses for cognitive deficits in psychopathic criminals: A study of global–local processing

“…Current findings are also consistent with evidence from language studies indicating comparable performance by psychopathic and nonpsychopathic inmates on concrete semantic classification (Hare & Jutai, 1988) and verbal memory (Hare & McPherson, 1984). Although impaired verbal processing has been linked to delinquency and antisocial behavior (Moffitt, 1993b;Stevens et al, 2003), such deficits are not observed in psychopaths Smith et al, 1992). Psychopaths' performance is not easily attributed to executive dysfunction, such as difficulty responding to infrequent stimulus properties.…”

Individual Differences in Executive Functioning: Implications for Stress Regulation

“…Executive functioning deficits have also been implicated in anxiety disorders, depression, and bipolar disorder [9][10][11][12]. Additionally, EF weaknesses have been shown to play a role in substance abuse and addictive disorders, eating disorders, aggression, and criminal behavior [13][14][15]. Finally, attention-deficit disorder (ADD), considered to be a disorder of EF [16], is highly co-morbid with substance abuse, mood, and anxiety disorders [17].…”

Potential biomarkers in personality disorders: current state and future research

“…The evaluation of this endophenotype has evidenced that it is difficult to respond adequately to aversive stimuli and balance between a stimulus' positive and negative features in PD. Undoubtedly, one of the areas of the brain cortex most implicated in the irregular expression of PD is the orbitofrontal cortex; damages in this area implicate behavior changes and neurocognitive malfunction (Stevens, Kaplan, & Hesselbrock, 2003). With the use of evoked potentials, a decrease of the amplitude of the P300 wave has been observed in the frontal electrodes of individuals with high rates of aggressiveness (Bauer & Hesselbrock, 2001;Benning, Patrick, & Iacono, 2005;Kostandov, Tal'tse, Zakharova, & Vazhnova, 1994;Patrick et al, 2006).…”