Executive functioning and emotion recognition in youth with oppositional defiant disorder and/or conduct disorder

Deters, Renee Kleine; Naaijen, Jilly; Rosa, Mireia; Aggensteiner, Pascal-M.; Banaschewski, Tobias; Saam, Melanie C; Schulze, Ulrike; Sethi, Arjun; Craig, Michael C.; Sagar-Ouriaghli, Ilyas; Santosh, Paramala; Castro‐Fornieles, Josefina; Penzol, María José; Arango, Celso; Werhahn, Julia E; Brandeis, Daniel; Franke, Barbara; Glennon, Jeffrey; Buitelaar, Jan K.; Hoekstra, Pieter J.; Dietrich, Andrea

doi:10.1080/15622975.2020.1747114

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Regarding ODD, while executive function difficulties focus mainly on "hot" executive functions, which are the functions related to emotional involvement (Rubia, 2011), they also include "cool" executive functions, which are those related to tasks requiring cognitive, critical, or logic analysis without the intervention of emotions. Accordingly, difficulties in cognitive reappraisal, rumination, expressive suppression, emotion dysregulation, planning (Jiang et al, 2016), inhibitory control (Deters et al, 2020), working memory and sustained attention (Schoorl et al, 2018), emotion processing, error monitoring, problem solving, and self-control (Noordermeer et al, 2016) have been reported in children with ODD. The results of this study indicate that executive functions difficulties are not characteristic of OCP, since executive functioning is similar in OCP and in the all-low classes (classes 2 and 1), while the four global indexes of executive functioning are significantly higher when there is a confluence of oppositional dimensions at a high level and OCP (class 4).…”

Section: Sdq-teachers -M (Sd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Irritability, Defiant and Obsessive-Compulsive Problems Development from Childhood to Adolescence

Ezpeleta

Penelo

Navarro

et al. 2021

J Youth Adolescence

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Little is known about the coexistence of oppositionality and obsessive-compulsive problems (OCP) in community children and how it affects their development until adolescence to prevent possible dysfunctions. The co-development of oppositional defiant dimensions and OCP is studied in 563 children (49.7% female) from ages 6 to 13 years, assessed yearly with measures answered by parents and teachers. A 4-class model based on Latent Class Growth Analysis for three parallel processes (irritability, defiant, and OCP) was selected, which showed adequate fitting indexes. Class 1 (n = 349, 62.0%) children scored low on all the measures. Class 2 (n = 53, 9.4%) contained children with high OCP and low irritability and defiant. Class 3 (n = 108, 19.2%) clustered children with high irritability and defiant and low OCP. Class 4 (n = 53, 9.4%) clustered comorbid irritability, defiant, and OCP characteristics. The classes showed different clinical characteristics through development. The developmental co-occurrence of irritability and defiant plus obsessive-compulsive behaviors is frequent and adds severity through development regarding comorbidity, peer problems, executive functioning difficulties, and daily functioning. The identification of different classes when combining oppositional problems and OCP may be informative to prevent developmental dysfunctions and to promote good adjustment through development.

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Section: Sdq-teachers -M (Sd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Irritability, Defiant and Obsessive-Compulsive Problems Development from Childhood to Adolescence

Ezpeleta

Penelo

Navarro

et al. 2021

J Youth Adolescence

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“…For example, a previous study adopting the dot-probe paradigm found that adolescents with CD showed attentional avoidance of angry, fearful and happy faces compared to typically developing adolescents recruited from schools and colleges ( 47 ). Another study revealed that youths with CD showed impairments in recognition of anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness and surprise, compared with typically developing controls ( 109 , 110 ). One possible reason for the difference between these results and ours might be the influence of peers and the environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive deficits for facial emotions among male adolescent delinquents with conduct disorder

Kou

Luo

et al. 2022

Front. Psychiatry

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According to the social-cognitive theory and the social-information-processing theory, individuals with conduct disorder, a persistent and repetitive pattern of problematic behavior, might have cognitive biases toward hostile facial expressions. However, according to the optimal stimulation/arousal theory, the stimulation-seeking theory and the fearlessness theory, individuals with conduct disorder might have less fear and show less response to hostile or threatening facial expressions. To reconcile the discrepancy, we examined the cognitive biases including attentional processing and working memory processing to emotional faces among adolescents with conduct disorder. 35 male adolescent delinquents with conduct disorder and 35 age-matched delinquents without conduct disorder completed a visual search task and a delayed-match-to-sample task to examine their attentional processing and working memory processing for sad, angry, happy, and fearful faces, respectively. It was found that conduct disordered individuals searched angry and fearful faces, rather than sad and happy faces, more slowly than individuals without conduct disorder. However, no difference in mnemonic processing for facial emotions was found between groups. The results indicated that male adolescent delinquents with conduct disorder showed deficits in attentional orientation to hostile and threatening faces, supporting the optimal stimulation/arousal theory, the stimulation-seeking theory and the fearlessness theory, but not the social-cognitive theory.

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“…Based on both the RNR model [15] and the socio-ecological model [14], FAST subgoals have been formulated based on the dynamic risk and protective factors at the level of the individual, family, and the broader system of the juvenile to reach intervention goals. At the individual level, FAST aims to target juvenile criminogenic risk factors related to psychological functioning such as cognitive distortions [17][18][19] and low executive functions such as cognitive exibility, inhibition [20,21] and coping skills [22,23]. In addition, FAST aims to effectuate adequate daytime activities [18,24].…”

Section: Intervention Subgoalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of Forensic Outpatient Systemic Therapy in the Treatment of Juvenile Antisocial Behavior: A Study Protocol of a Multiple Case Experimental Design

Cappellen,

Creemers,

Hoogsteder

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Juvenile antisocial behavior can have long-lasting and devastating effects for juveniles themselves, victims, and society. Evidence-based treatment is vital. Forensic Outpatient Systemic Therapy (Forensische Ambulante Systeem Therapie; FAST) is a promising treatment for juveniles showing severe antisocial behavior including aggression, (domestic) violence, and delinquent behavior. FAST has a flexible intensity and length, addresses individual and systemic risk and protective factors, and is responsive to the abilities of the client (system), intervention characteristics all considered crucial for effective treatment. The current study will investigate whether FAST is effective in reducing aggression of the juvenile, reaching client formulated subgoals, and improving family functioning. Processes of change will be examined, as well as mediation by reaching client formulated subgoals and improved family functioning. Methods A Multiple Case Experimental Design (MCED) with an ABC design will be performed (A = baseline, B = intervention, and C = follow-up). Juveniles with primary aggression and/or anger problems (N = 15) and their caregiver(s) will be recruited. Data collection will consist of self-report questionnaires and case file analysis. Participants fill out frequent short self-report questionnaires (twice a week during phase A, every other week during phase B, and every week during phase C) and two main questionnaires at the start of the intervention and immediately after intervention end, thereby covering a period of 5 to 11 months. Both visual and statistical analyses will be performed. Discussion This study will generate robust knowledge and inform clinical practice on the effectiveness, processes of change, and mediating mechanisms of FAST, aiming to improve the treatment of future families within youth forensic care. Trial registration: This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov on 28/08/2023, protocol ID 60-63600-98-1138a.

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Executive functioning and emotion recognition in youth with oppositional defiant disorder and/or conduct disorder

Cited by 23 publications

References 64 publications

Irritability, Defiant and Obsessive-Compulsive Problems Development from Childhood to Adolescence

Irritability, Defiant and Obsessive-Compulsive Problems Development from Childhood to Adolescence

Cognitive deficits for facial emotions among male adolescent delinquents with conduct disorder

The Effectiveness of Forensic Outpatient Systemic Therapy in the Treatment of Juvenile Antisocial Behavior: A Study Protocol of a Multiple Case Experimental Design

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