Exercise addiction: A narrative overview of research issues

Weinstein, Aviv; Szabó, Attila

doi:10.1080/19585969.2023.2164841

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…DEx is also prevalent in individuals with other EDs such as bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder (BED) [8][9][10][11], yet the management of this symptom has been insufficiently addressed in research concerning all EDs. Notable as well are the many definitions and understandings of DEx [12][13][14][15][16], leading to a variety of methods to evaluate symptom severity [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to address physical activity and exercise during treatment from eating disorders: a scoping review

Mathisen

Hay

Bratland‐Sanda

2023

Current Opinion in Psychiatry

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Purpose of review This scoping review aimed to provide a recent update on how to address dysfunctional physical activity and exercise (DEx), and on effects and experiences from including supervised and adapted physical activity or exercise (PAE), during treatment of eating disorders. Recent findings A systematic search for peer-reviewed publications in the period 2021–2023 generated 10 original studies and 6 reviews, including one meta-analysis (reporting according to PRISMA and SWiM). Findings showed that DEx was effectively managed by use of psychoeducation and/or PAE. Inclusion of PAE as part of treatment showed low-to-moderate impact on health and positive or neutral effects on eating disorder psychopathology. There were no reports of adverse events. For individuals with anorexia nervosa, PAE improved physical fitness with no influence on body weight or body composition unless progressive resistance training was conducted. For individuals with bulimia nervosa, DEx was reduced simultaneously with increased functional exercise and successful implementation of physical activity recommendations during treatment. Experiences by individuals with eating disorders and clinicians, including accredited exercise physiologists, pointed to positive benefits by including PAE in treatment. Summary Lack of consensus about DEx and of recommendations for PAE in official treatment guidelines hinder adequate approaches to these issues in eating disorder treatment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to address physical activity and exercise during treatment from eating disorders: a scoping review

Mathisen

Hay

Bratland‐Sanda

2023

Current Opinion in Psychiatry

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“…Of note, maladaptive exercise is sometimes conceptualized as a primary behavior that stands apart from exercise in the context of eating pathology (considered a secondary behavior), within a behavioral addiction framework (Weinstein & Szabo, 2023). In situations where the maladaptive behavior is unrelated to calorie burning, a reported desire for weight/shape control, or other body image or eating concerns, the EDS or EAI (assessing dependence or addiction, respectively) might be appropriate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Working out measurement overlap in the assessment of maladaptive exercise

Lampe,

Schaumberg,

Kolar

et al. 2024

Intl J Eating Disorders

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ObjectiveAlthough exercise is generally considered healthy, many individuals engage in maladaptive exercise (e.g., compulsive in nature). Several definitions of maladaptive exercise exist, leading to multiple, varied assessment tools; assuming homogeneity across these assessments contributes to low consensus in etiological models.MethodWe used a Jaccard Index to quantify content overlap among 15 commonly‐used self‐report instruments measuring maladaptive exercise, with 31 features identified across 224 items.ResultsThe most common features were exercise to control weight/shape and to avoid negative affect (both included in 9/15 instruments), or compensate for calories consumed (8/15 instruments). Overlap among instruments was low (.206) and no features were common across all instruments.ConclusionsFindings generally support theoretical models of exercise in eating pathology. However, instruments most commonly used to assess maladaptive exercise measure heterogenous content. Careful consideration should be taken when comparing findings derived from differing instruments, when synthesizing literature on maladaptive exercise, and when selecting instruments to measure specific maladaptive exercise features.Public SignificanceMany, varied, tools exist for the assessment of maladaptive exercise (e.g., compulsive or compensatory) in the context of eating disorders. Assuming homogeneity across tools contributes to low consensus in the field. We used a Jaccard Index to quantify content overlap among 15 self‐report instruments measuring maladaptive exercise. The most commonly used instruments measure heterogenous content. Careful consideration should be taken when synthesizing literature and selecting instruments to use in research.

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“…However, research also showed that high-intensity or excessive exercise may induce cognitive impairment [15][16][17][18]. Recent studies are providing new shreds of evidence to prove the connection between learningmemory declines and acute excessive exercise [19,20], but still, precise pathophysiological mechanisms are not completely revealed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CCR3 contributes to neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment induced by prolonged underwater exercise

Zhao¹,

Liang²,

Yu³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Underwater operations are widely used in diverse fields such as marine exploration, underwater construction and infrastructure maintenance, and military missions. Previous research has emphasized the significance of maintaining cognitive function during these tasks. However, the impact of underwater operations on cognitive function and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the effects of underwater operations on cognitive function and explore the potential molecular mechanisms involved. We accomplished this first by assessing underwater operators’ stress response, anxiety, and cognitive function before and after a single underwater operation of two different durations and found that 30 min underwater operation improved cognitive function while 3 h underwater operation induced significant cognitive decline. Then, an animal model of swimming in a hyperbaric environment at 2.0ATA (atmospheres absolute) for varying durations was applied to simulate underwater operations. Behavioral tests, histological examinations, biochemical assays were conducted, and results indicated that the effect of a single underwater exercise on cognitive function was time-dependent and prolonged underwater exercise caused significant cognitive impairment. Furthermore, RNA-sequencing was conducted for the normal control group and the most significantly impaired group, leading to the focus on neuroinflammation and the identification of C-C chemokine receptor type 3(CCR3) as a potential target for further investigation. Finally, knockdown experiment was performed using an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector containing shRNA (CCR3)-EGFP injected to the rats’ hippocampus to explore the involvement of CCR3 in cognitive impairment induced by prolonged underwater exercise. Results revealed that CCR3 knockdown significantly alleviated neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment. Moreover, prolonged underwater exercise activated microglia and promotes their polarization towards the pro-inflammatory phenotype. Conversely, CCR3 knockdown switched the activated microglia to the anti-inflammatory phenotype. Taken together, these results highlight the time-dependent effect of a single underwater operation on cognitive function and shed insight on alleviating CCR3-mediated neuroinflammation as potential intervention targets to protect the brain during underwater operations.

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Exercise addiction: A narrative overview of research issues

Cited by 21 publications

References 94 publications

How to address physical activity and exercise during treatment from eating disorders: a scoping review

How to address physical activity and exercise during treatment from eating disorders: a scoping review

Working out measurement overlap in the assessment of maladaptive exercise

CCR3 contributes to neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment induced by prolonged underwater exercise

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