Exercise Affects Protein Utilization in Healthy Children

Bolster, Douglas R.; Pikosky, Matthew A.; McCarthy, Leisa; Rodriguez, Nancy R.

doi:10.1093/jn/131.10.2659

Cited by 23 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In comparison with previously published whole body protein kinetics in healthy children, our rates of protein synthesis and protein breakdown calculated over 9 h appear to be greater than those previously measured in exercise-trained children over a similar time period but in the overnight fasted state (8,33). In contrast, 24-h rates of whole body protein turnover in the present study were equivalent to those measured in healthy free-living children utilizing similar methods (7); this is likely due to the incorporation of a fed-state period in the previous (7) and present studies, which would be necessary to elevate rates of protein turnover.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

“…While previous studies have investigated the impact of physical activity on fasted (8,33) or daily rates (7) of whole body protein metabolism in healthy active children, to the best of our knowledge, we present here the first data to address the cumulative effect of exercise and nutrition. Specifically, we show that postexercise protein ingestion has little effect on whole body protein synthesis and protein breakdown yet induces a dose-dependent increase in WBPB during the early 9-h exercise and recovery period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Whole body protein metabolism is characterized by the continuous turnover and renewal of body proteins through the simultaneous processes of protein synthesis and protein breakdown. Interestingly, previous research by the Rodriguez laboratory (8,33) demonstrated that 6 wk of structured exercise (either resistance or aerobic) resulted in a downregulation of overnight fasted whole body protein metabolism in healthy children. Despite this potentially counterintuitive suppression of protein metabolism, 24 h net nitrogen balance, a period that would include both fasted and fed states, was elevated with a concomitant increase in lean body mass and height over the 6-wk exercise intervention that would be consistent with the normal growth velocity of the children (8,33).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, previous research by the Rodriguez laboratory (8,33) demonstrated that 6 wk of structured exercise (either resistance or aerobic) resulted in a downregulation of overnight fasted whole body protein metabolism in healthy children. Despite this potentially counterintuitive suppression of protein metabolism, 24 h net nitrogen balance, a period that would include both fasted and fed states, was elevated with a concomitant increase in lean body mass and height over the 6-wk exercise intervention that would be consistent with the normal growth velocity of the children (8,33). The discrepancy between overnight fasted and daily net protein balance in these studies (8,33) could be the result of a potentially increased exercise-induced anabolic sensitivity during the daily fed state, an effect that has been observed previously in exercising adults (12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite this potentially counterintuitive suppression of protein metabolism, 24 h net nitrogen balance, a period that would include both fasted and fed states, was elevated with a concomitant increase in lean body mass and height over the 6-wk exercise intervention that would be consistent with the normal growth velocity of the children (8,33). The discrepancy between overnight fasted and daily net protein balance in these studies (8,33) could be the result of a potentially increased exercise-induced anabolic sensitivity during the daily fed state, an effect that has been observed previously in exercising adults (12). Therefore, the measurement of protein metabolism in the fasted state may underestimate the anabolic effects of exercise in children.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Postexercise protein ingestion increases whole body net protein balance in healthy children

Moore

Volterman

Obeid

et al. 2014

Journal of Applied Physiology

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Moore DR, Volterman KA, Obeid J, Offord EA, Timmons BW. Postexercise protein ingestion increases whole body net protein balance in healthy children. J Appl Physiol 117: 1493-1501, 2014. First published October 23, 2014 doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00224.2014.-Postexercise protein ingestion increases whole body and muscle protein anabolism in adults. No study has specifically investigated the combined effects of exercise and protein ingestion on protein metabolism in healthy, physically active children. Under 24-h dietary control, 13 (seven males, six females) active children (ϳ11 yr old; 39.3 Ϯ 5.9 kg) consumed an oral dose of [ 15 N]glycine prior to performing a bout of exercise. Immediately after exercise, participants consumed isoenergetic mixed macronutrient beverages containing a variable amount of protein [0, 0.75, and 1.5 g/100 ml for control (CON), low protein (LP), and high protein (HP), respectively] according to fluid losses. Whole body nitrogen turnover (Q), protein synthesis (S), protein breakdown (B), and protein balance (WBPB) were measured throughout exercise and the early acute recovery period (9 h combined) as well as over 24 h. Postexercise protein intake from the beverage was ϳ0.18 and ϳ0.32 g/kg body mass for LP and HP, respectively. Q, S, and B were significantly greater (main effect time, all P Ͻ 0.001) over 9 h compared with 24 h with no differences between conditions. WBPB was also greater over 9 h compared with 24 h in all conditions (main effect time, P Ͻ 0.001). Over 9 h, WBPB was greater in HP (P Ͻ 0.05) than LP and CON with a trend (P ϭ 0.075) toward LP being greater than CON. WBPB was positive over 9 h for all conditions but only over 24 h for HP. Postexercise protein ingestion acutely increases net protein balance in healthy children early in recovery in a dose-dependent manner with larger protein intakes (ϳ0.32 g/kg) required to sustain a net anabolic environment over an entire 24 h period. protein synthesis; lean body mass; youth; physical activity; protein requirements PHYSICAL ACTIVITY is an essential component for the optimal growth and development of the musculoskeletal system in children. Greater levels of physical activity, especially those which are weight bearing and of higher intensity, have been associated with higher bone mineral density, lean mass, and strength in children (5,18,43). The net gain in lean mass with physical activity would require alterations in whole body protein turnover that would favor the net synthesis of body proteins, or, in other words, protein synthesis would be chronically elevated above protein breakdown.Despite the important role physical activity plays in remodeling lean tissues and enhancing lean body mass, few studies have determined the impact of specific episodes of exercise on protein metabolism in children. Whole body protein metabolism is characterized by the continuous turnover and renewal of body proteins through the simultaneous processes of protein synthesis and protein breakdown. Interestingly, previous research by the Rodriguez l...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

mentioning

confidence: 99%