Exercise ameliorates diabetes-induced osteoarthritis in rats

Abstract

Diabetes is a global health care problem with an estimated 347 million people around the world has diabetes (Danaei et al. Lancet 2011) that clams the life of about 3.4 million every year (Global health risk, World Health Organization 2009). Diabetes has been found to be associated with increased risk of hip fracture as well as fracture of other sites (Schwartz 2003). People with type 1 (juvenile) diabetes (T1DM) tend to have mild osteopenia as adults, with bone marrow density (BMD) values around 10% lower than normal (Bouillon 1991).

Swim Exercise Augments the Protection of the Knee Joint Against Osteoarthritis Development in Diabetic Rats Treated with Insulin

“…The articular cartilage of the knee joint is known to be targeted by diabetes (Niethard, 1986;Pottie et al;El Karib, 2014;Musumeci et al, 2014) and prolonged hyperglycemia and accumulation of glucose derived advanced glycation end products (AGEs) were proposed to contribute to OA development and insulin is reported to have anabolic effects on bone (Yan & Li, 2013). In addition, insulin was found to increase proteoglycan synthesis in primary chondrocytes tissue culture and increased proteoglycan and matrix synthesis in articular cartilage explants obtained from healthy pigs and diabetic human and mice (Cai et al, 2002).…”

“…injection of streptozotocin (STZ) in a dose of 65 mg/kg (Haidara et al, 2004). Rats showed glucose level above 300 mg/dl were considered to be diabetic and included in the experiments (Haidara et al, 2004;El Karib, 2014); T1DM and insulin group (T1DM+ Ins. ): rats were made type 1 diabetic as in T1DM group and received mixtard insulin subcutaneously in a dose of 0.75 IU/100 gm weight in 0.75 ml volume once daily (Haidara et al, 2015), after 48 h of diabetic induction; T1DM and Exercise group (T1DM +Exc.…”

Effect of phytosterols on osteoarthritis studied using insilico and CAM assays

“…Depending on the % mortality, the graph was plotted by taking Concentration Vs % mortality. The median lethal concentration (LC50) of the test samples was determined by probit analysis as described by Finney for toxicity measurement [6].…”