Exercise and Health: Dose and Response, Considering Both Ends of the Curve

Simon, Harvey B

doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.05.012

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…A notable exception was the substantial benefit in higher intensity activities on diabetes related mortality (63.8% reduction for moderate, 90.8% reduction for the highest level). 22 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trajectories in Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Risk of Stroke in Women in the California Teachers Study

Willey

Voutsinas

Sherzai

et al. 2017

Stroke

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Background and purpose Whether changes in leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) over time are associated with lower risk of stroke is not well established. We examined the association between changes in self-reported LTPA 10 years apart, with risk of incident stroke in the California Teachers Study (CTS). We hypothesized that the risk of stroke would be lowest among those who remained active. Methods 61,256 CTS participants reported LTPA at two intensity levels (moderate and strenuous activity) at two time points (baseline 1995-96; 10-year follow-up 2005-2006). LTPA at each intensity level was categorized based on American Heart Association (AHA) recommendations (moderate >150 minutes/week, strenuous >75 minutes/week). Changes in LTPA were summarized as follows: (i)not meeting recommendations at both time points; (ii)meeting recommendations only at follow-up; (iii)meeting recommendations only at baseline; (iv)meeting recommendations at both time points. Incident strokes were identified through California state hospitalization records. Using multi-variable Cox models, we examined the associations between changes in LTPA with incident stroke. Results 987 women were diagnosed with stroke who completed both questionnaires. Meeting AHA recommendations at both time-points was associated with a lower risk of all stroke (adjusted HR 0.84, 95%CI0.72-0.98). The protective effects for stroke were driven by meeting AHA recommendations for moderate activity and largely observed for ischemic strokes (adjusted HR 0.70, 95%CI 0.55-0.88). Conclusion Meeting AHA recommendations for moderate activity had a protective effect for reducing ischemic stroke risk. Participants who met AHA recommendations at baseline but not at follow-up, however, were not afforded reduced stroke risk.

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“…A notable exception was the substantial benefit in higher intensity activities on diabetes related mortality (63.8% reduction for moderate, 90.8% reduction for the highest level). 22 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trajectories in Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Risk of Stroke in Women in the California Teachers Study

Willey

Voutsinas

Sherzai

et al. 2017

Stroke

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Thus, regularly exercising helps in slow down aging consequences in association with an improvement of the quality of life, possibly promoting longevity (6). Physical inactivity has been recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the fourth cause of death (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring myokines with cardiovascular functions: pre-analytical variables affecting the analytical output

Lombardi¹,

Sansoni²,

Banfi³

2017

Ann. Transl. Med.

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Abstract:In the last few years, a growing number of molecules have been associated to an endocrine function of the skeletal muscle. Circulating myokine levels, in turn, have been associated with several pathophysiological conditions including the cardiovascular ones. However, data from different studies are often not completely comparable or even discordant. This would be due, at least in part, to the whole set of situations related to the preparation of the patient prior to blood sampling, blood sampling procedure, processing and/or store. This entire process constitutes the pre-analytical phase. The importance of the preanalytical phase is often not considered. However, in routine diagnostics, the 70% of the errors are in this phase. Moreover, errors during the pre-analytical phase are carried over in the analytical phase and affects the final output. In research, for example, when samples are collected over a long time and by different laboratories, a standardized procedure for sample collecting and the correct procedure for sample storage are acknowledged. In this review, we discuss the pre-analytical variables potentially affecting the measurement of myokines with cardiovascular functions.

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“…The action of exercise-induced myokines is important for the prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2, as they play a role in regulation of glucose transporter type-4 (GLUT-4) receptor expression. In addition, myokines, and their mechanism of action, may explain the correlation between sedentary lifestyle and risk of metabolic disorders including obesity, diabetes mellitus type 2, and cardiovascular diseases [12][13][14][15]. In agreement with those observations, previous studies assessing the relationship between sedentary behaviour and increased adiposity have evidenced that the ratio of myokines is less than that of adipokines, which in turn increases the metabolic risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus type 2 [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 53%

The Triumvirate of Adiposopathy: A Literature Review and Proposal of the Claros Pathophysiological Model

RJ¹,

A²,

AM³

et al. 2018

Endocrinol Metab Syndr

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Obesity is currently considered as the 21st century epidemic. The accelerated increase in prevalence and mortality due to cardiovascular diseases establishes a historical precedent as a global public health problem. The increased incidence of obesity and obesity-associated chronic diseases (coronary heart disease, cancer, diabetes), together with the frequent finding of these conditions in the clinic, urgently call for studies aiming to identify possible pathophysiologic connections among these conditions. Obesity is often seen only as an imbalance between caloric intake and energy expenditure. On the other hand, numerous neuroendocrine factors are responsible for the regulation of energy metabolism. In addition, body metabolism is also affected by the autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine activity of organokines. Thus, the understanding signaling pathways, action and regulation of organokines could lead to a comprehensive approach to obesity, which in turn may unravel new indicators of adiposopathy, that are not necessarily associated solely to body weight or evident excess of fatty tissue. Herein we propose a pathophysiological model, which we refer to as the triumvirate of adiposopathy, involving the alteration of organokine balance (myokines, hepatokines, and adipokines) and that takes into account signaling pathways that are common to pro-inflammatory states such as insulin resistance and endothelial damage, emphasizing in adiposopathy and obesity, aiming to achieve the early identification of cardiometabolic risk, and thus positively impact the risk of morbimortality associated with adiposity.

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Exercise and Health: Dose and Response, Considering Both Ends of the Curve

Cited by 26 publications

References 48 publications

Trajectories in Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Risk of Stroke in Women in the California Teachers Study

Trajectories in Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Risk of Stroke in Women in the California Teachers Study

Measuring myokines with cardiovascular functions: pre-analytical variables affecting the analytical output

The Triumvirate of Adiposopathy: A Literature Review and Proposal of the Claros Pathophysiological Model

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