Exercise and oxidative stress methodology: a critique

Abstract

Historically, exercise physiologists' interest in oxygen has primarily centered on the problem of oxygen consumption. However, the interest of the general scientific community in oxygen-centered radicals has raised awareness of the oxygen paradox and has motivated investigators to question whether exercise-stimulated "overconsumption" of oxygen might induce an oxidative stress and pose some risk to biological systems. In recent years, a considerable amount of research has demonstrated that radicals are capable of damaging a vast array of biological targets. Unfortunately, the work related to oxidative stress and antioxidants subsequent to exercise has been narrow in scope. This paper provides a brief review of the shortcomings of the present state of knowledge in this discipline and outlines topics requiring attention.Am J Clin Nutr 2000;72(suppl): 670S-4S.

Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status in Hypo- and Hyperthyroidism

“…This may result in the increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [2,3]. Oxidative stress is a general term used to describe a state of damage caused by ROS [4]. ROS have a high reactivity potential, therefore they are toxic and can lead to oxidative damage in cellular macromolecules such as proteins, lipids and DNA [5].…”

The relationship between blood antioxidant enzyme levels and genotype in athletes training at high altitudes.

“…Thus the main goal in research on exercise physiology, together with exercise done for health benefits, is to better understand the changes that occur in the human body during athletic activity and thea daptation of the organism to exercise. With this aim in mind, studies on free radicals and antioxidants have proliferated (11)(12)(13).…”

Antioxidantes, atividade física e estresse oxidativo em mulheres idosas

“…Médias, desvios padrão e significâncias intra-grupos e inter-grupos da glutationa plasmática (GSH, em µM), entre as medidas iniciais e finais dos grupos Controle (n=32) e suplementado (S, n=36). (3) , Polidori et al (4) e Jenkins (18) embora esse último não se refira especificamente a idosos. Em relação à utilização de uma dieta rica em antioxidantes e à suplementação com vitaminas, essa afirmação é concordante com os trabalhos de Schneider (19) , Polidori et al (20) , e Polidori (21) sendo que este último aponta que a utilização de micronutrientes antioxidantes na dieta, tais como as vitaminas C e E e o betacaroteno, pode promover a prevenção de doenças relacionadas ao envelhecimento.…”