Exercise and Physical Activity for Older Adults

Chodzko-Zajko, Wojtek; Proctor, David N.; Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone; Minson, Christopher T.; Nigg, Claudio R.; Salem, George J.; Skinner, James S.

doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e3181a0c95c

Cited by 3,449 publications

(1,933 citation statements)

References 225 publications

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“…We are unable to determine whether this finding is due to cause or effect; it is well recognised that exercise nonetheless is associated with higher subjective well-being [40,41]. Being sedentary was found to impact the quality of life, which is consistent with other studies: for example, in older individuals, even light-intensity physical activity is related to higher self-rated physical health and psychosocial well-being [42].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Diabetes in South African older adults: prevalence and impact on quality of life and functional disability – as assessed using SAGE Wave 1 data

Werfalli

Kassanjee

Kalula

et al. 2018

Global Health Action

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Background: Diabetes is a chronic disease with severe late complications. It is known to impact the quality of life and cause disability, which may affect an individual’s capacity to manage and maintain longer-term health and well-being. Objectives: To examine the prevalence of self-report diabetes, and association between diabetes and each of health-related quality of life and disability amongst South Africa’s older adults. To study both the direct relationship between diabetes and these two measures, as well as moderation effects, i.e. whether associations between other factors and these measures of well-being differed between individuals with diabetes and those without. Methods: Secondary analyses of data on participants aged 50 years and older from the Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) in South Africa Wave 1 (2007–2008) were conducted. Prevalence of self-reported diabetes was assessed. Multivariable regressions describe the relationships between each of quality of life (WHOQoL) and disability (WHODAS), and diabetes, while controlling for selected socio-demographic characteristics, health risk behaviours and co-morbid conditions. In the regression models, we also investigated whether diabetes moderates the relationships between these additional factors and WHOQoL/WHODAS. Results: Self-reported diabetes prevalence was 9.2% (95% CI: 7.8,10.9) and increased with age. Having diabetes was associated with poorer WHOQoL scores (additive effect: −4.2; 95% CI: −9.2,0.9; p-value <0.001) and greater disability (multiplicative effect: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.5,2.9; p-value <0.001). Lower quality of life and greater disability were both related to not being in a relationship, lower education, less wealth, lower physical activity and a larger number of chronic conditions. Conclusions: Diabetes is associated with lower quality of life and greater disability amongst older South Africans. Attention needs to be given to enhancing the capacity of health systems to meet the changing needs of ageing populations with diabetes in SA as well as facilitating social support networks in communities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Diabetes in South African older adults: prevalence and impact on quality of life and functional disability – as assessed using SAGE Wave 1 data

Werfalli

Kassanjee

Kalula

et al. 2018

Global Health Action

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“…[1][2][3] Nowadays, several strength training protocols have been tested in the search for systemic adaptations to more effectively reduce the negative changes that result from the human aging process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Different Neuromuscular Training Protocols on the Functional Capacity of Elderly Women

Resende–Neto

Santos

Silva

et al. 2018

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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Introduction: Several strength training protocols have been tested in the search for systemic adaptations to improve functionality in the elderly. For this purpose, integrated exercises aimed at improving essential movements can be an interesting strategy to improve the performance of activities of the daily living. Objective: To compare the effects of eight weeks of functional training with traditional strength training on the physical fitness of sedentary elderly women. Methods: Thirty-two elderly women were divided into functional training group (FT, n=16) and traditional training group (TT, n=16). For the verification of functional responses, the Senior Fitness Test battery was used, as well as complementary tests of strength and muscular power. The data were analyzed using a 2x2 ANOVA with post hoc Sidak test to verify the differences between the groups. Results: At the end of eight weeks, when compared to TT group, the FT group showed significant increases in balance/ agility variables (p=0.01; +7.6%), lower limbs strength (p=0.04; +15.3%), upper limbs strength (p=0.05; +11.7%), and cardiorespiratory power (p=0.05; +10.7%). However, in relation to flexibility tests and conventional tests of maximum dynamic force and muscular strength, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups. Conclusions: Both interventions are efficient to improve physical fitness of sedentary elderly women; however, functional training induces better adaptive responses to functionality when compared with traditional training. Level of Evidence I; Randomized clinical trial.

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“…A major problem of the older population is physical inactivity and negative lifestyle seriously threatens health and hastens the deterioration rate of human body (7). The American college of sports medicine recommends that the exercise in the older adults should include aerobic, muscle strengthening and flexibility exercises and in individuals who are at risk for falling or mobility impairment should also include specific exercises to improve balance in addition to the other component of health-related physical fitness (8). In fact, walking, for example is an excellent form of physical activity for older adults because it is familiar, cheap, safe, easy, convenient and can be performed in social setting (i.e., group walks) (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the same way, (37) founded significant increases in cardiorespiratory fitness after 12 weeks of 9-square-table aerobic exercise training. American college of sports medicine recommended aerobic exercise training of sufficient intensity (≥ 60% of pre-training VO 2max ), frequency, and length (≥ 3 d-wk -1 for ≥ 16 wk) in order to VO 2max (8). Taking into account our NME program, specifically its short duration and intensity, we believe that the success of its performance is also dependent on peripheral adaptation, particularly the power and muscular strength of the lower limbs (38).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a Physical Activity Intervention Program on Nutritional Status and Health-Related Physical Fitness in Thai Older Adults: Pilot Study

et al. 2017

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Background: Chronological aging is associated with a decrease in physical activity levels and consequently a decline in physical fitness, which may contribute to adverse conditions such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, obesity and physical impairment. Objectives: This study sought to examine the effects of an 8-week physical activity intervention program on nutritional status and health-related physical fitness among Thai older adults. Methods: Fifteen healthy elderly volunteers (aged 60 -75 years) completed an 8-week physical activity intervention that comprises a nine matrices exercise (NME) program (5 sessions per week of 30 -60 minutes). Measurements were taken at baseline and after 8 weeks, and included height, weight, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure and health-related physical fitness tests (6-minute walk, chair sit-and-reach, arm curl, back scratch, chair stand and 8-ft up and go). Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics and Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results: Over an 8-week intervention study, participants significantly improved their weight (%∆ = -2.5, P < 0.001), BMI (%∆ = -2.5, P < 0.001), cardiorespiratory fitness (%∆ = +13.9, P = 0.001), arm curl (%∆ = +45.9, P = 0.001) and leg squat (%∆ = +42.8, P = 0.001) muscular strength, shoulder (%∆ = +9.8, P = 0.006) and lower back (%∆ = +15.0, P = 0.001) flexibility and agility and balance (%∆ = -3.9, P = 0.003). Blood pressure did not change significantly during the study period (P > 0.05). Conclusions: This study provides preliminary evidence that an 8-week NME program represents an effective strategy for improving nutritional status and health-related physical fitness in elderly Thai people.

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Exercise and Physical Activity for Older Adults

Cited by 3,449 publications

References 225 publications

Diabetes in South African older adults: prevalence and impact on quality of life and functional disability – as assessed using SAGE Wave 1 data

Diabetes in South African older adults: prevalence and impact on quality of life and functional disability – as assessed using SAGE Wave 1 data

Effects of Different Neuromuscular Training Protocols on the Functional Capacity of Elderly Women

Effects of a Physical Activity Intervention Program on Nutritional Status and Health-Related Physical Fitness in Thai Older Adults: Pilot Study

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