Exercise during pregnancy improves maternal glucose screen at 24–28 weeks: a randomised controlled trial

Barakat, Rubén; Cordero, Yaiza; Coterón, Javier; Luaces, María; Montejo, Rocio

doi:10.1136/bjsports-2011-090009

Cited by 142 publications

(276 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…[28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] Reasons for refusal to provide IPD included lack of time, 39,40 problems with data sharing 41 and conflicts of interest. 42,43 Data were lost in two trials. 44,45 Sixteen randomised controlled trials (RCTs) (including 2265 women) were identified too late in the project to be analysed, and thus we refrained from approaching the authors.…”

Section: Network Meta-analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of antenatal diet and physical activity on maternal and fetal outcomes: individual patient data meta-analysis and health economic evaluation

Rogozińska

Marlin

Jackson

et al. 2017

Health Technol Assess

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235

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BackgroundDiet- and physical activity-based interventions in pregnancy have the potential to alter maternal and child outcomes.ObjectivesTo assess whether or not the effects of diet and lifestyle interventions vary in subgroups of women, based on maternal body mass index (BMI), age, parity, Caucasian ethnicity and underlying medical condition(s), by undertaking an individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis. We also evaluated the association of gestational weight gain (GWG) with adverse pregnancy outcomes and assessed the cost-effectiveness of the interventions.Data sourcesMEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects and Health Technology Assessment database were searched from October 2013 to March 2015 (to update a previous search).Review methodsResearchers from the International Weight Management in Pregnancy Collaborative Network shared the primary data. For each intervention type and outcome, we performed a two-step IPD random-effects meta-analysis, for all women (except underweight) combined and for each subgroup of interest, to obtain summary estimates of effects and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and synthesised the differences in effects between subgroups. In the first stage, we fitted a linear regression adjusted for baseline (for continuous outcomes) or a logistic regression model (for binary outcomes) in each study separately; estimates were combined across studies using random-effects meta-analysis models. We quantified the relationship between weight gain and complications, and undertook a decision-analytic model-based economic evaluation to assess the cost-effectiveness of the interventions.ResultsDiet and lifestyle interventions reduced GWG by an average of 0.70 kg (95% CI –0.92 to –0.48 kg; 33 studies, 9320 women). The effects on composite maternal outcome [summary odds ratio (OR) 0.90, 95% CI 0.79 to 1.03; 24 studies, 8852 women] and composite fetal/neonatal outcome (summary OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.83 to 1.08; 18 studies, 7981 women) were not significant. The effect did not vary with baseline BMI, age, ethnicity, parity or underlying medical conditions for GWG, and composite maternal and fetal outcomes. Lifestyle interventions reduce Caesarean sections (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.83 to 0.99), but not other individual maternal outcomes such as gestational diabetes mellitus (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.72 to 1.10), pre-eclampsia or pregnancy-induced hypertension (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.78 to 1.16) and preterm birth (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.78 to 1.13). There was no significant effect on fetal outcomes. The interventions were not cost-effective. GWG, including adherence to the Institute of Medicine-recommended targets, was not associated with a reduction in complications. Predictors of GWG were maternal age (summary estimate –0.10 kg, 95% CI –0.14 to –0.06 kg) and multiparity (summary estimate –0.73 kg, 95% CI –1.24 to –0.23 kg).LimitationsThe findings were limited by the lack of standardisation in the components of intervention, residual heterogeneity in effects across studies for most analyses and the unavailability of IPD in some studies.ConclusionDiet and lifestyle interventions in pregnancy are clinically effective in reducing GWG irrespective of risk factors, with no effects on composite maternal and fetal outcomes.Future workThe differential effects of lifestyle interventions on individual pregnancy outcomes need evaluation.Study registrationThis study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42013003804.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment programme.

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Section: Network Meta-analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of antenatal diet and physical activity on maternal and fetal outcomes: individual patient data meta-analysis and health economic evaluation

Rogozińska

Marlin

Jackson

et al. 2017

Health Technol Assess

Self Cite

235

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Evidence exists that when good adherence to a physical-activity intervention is attained, a positive impact on glucose control is achieved. For example, in 2 studies in which women were randomised to a supervised physical-activity intervention consisting of 3 supervised sessions per week, women in the intervention arm had significantly lower blood glucose levels than women in the control arm at 28 weeks' gestation [29,30]. …”

Section: Interventions To Support Women To Be Physically Active Durinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Physical Activity in Obese Pregnant Women and Pregnancy Outcomes: The UPBEAT Pilot Study

2014

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Background: Obesity in pregnancy is associated with fetal macrosomia, a raised neonatal fat mass and an increased risk of obesity and poor metabolic health in childhood which persists into adulthood. The offspring of obese women are more likely to be obese than the offspring of lean women when they become pregnant themselves, perpetuating a cycle of obesity and its associated negative metabolic consequences. Increasing physical activity during pregnancy could improve insulin sensitivity and reduce the risk of maternal and offspring adverse outcomes. The UK Pregnancy Better Eating and Activity Trial (UPBEAT) is a trial of a complex intervention designed to improve pregnancy outcomes through dietary changes and physical activity. Data from the pilot trial of 183 women were available for analysis. The relationship between the time spent at different physical activity levels and maternal and infant pregnancy outcomes was examined. Key Messages: Strong evidence exists that physical activity improves insulin sensitivity in non-pregnant populations, and lifestyle interventions of proven effectiveness in non-pregnant populations have been developed. Women who are active in pregnancy demonstrate better glucose control and favourable pregnancy outcomes. There is a lack of effective interventions to support obese pregnant women to be physically active. Conclusions: No difference was detected in objectively measured physical activity between women randomised to the intervention and control arms of the UPBEAT pilot trial. Light-intensity physical activity was lower in early pregnancy in women who delivered macrosomic infants. Maternal sedentary time at 35-36 weeks' gestation was positively associated and moderate-intensity physical activity was inversely associated with neonatal abdominal circumference. Maternal physical activity is associated with infant birth weight and abdominal circumference and is an appropriate target for intervention to improve infant outcomes. The challenge remains to develop an effective intervention to support obese pregnant women to be physically active.

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“…In a previous study, an exercise program for healthy pregnant women consisting of three sessions of aerobics and swimming per week resulted in a decrease in the casual glucose level in the intervention group (20). However, it can be difficult for pregnant women to begin participating in leisure sports because they usually receive a recommendation from their obstetricians to avoid highintensity exercise in order to prevent miscarriage and premature delivery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Daily walking decreases casual glucose level among pregnant women in the second trimester

Hayashi

Matsuzaki

Kusaka

et al. 2016

DD&T

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Exercise during pregnancy improves maternal glucose screen at 24–28 weeks: a randomised controlled trial

Cited by 142 publications

References 45 publications

Effects of antenatal diet and physical activity on maternal and fetal outcomes: individual patient data meta-analysis and health economic evaluation

Effects of antenatal diet and physical activity on maternal and fetal outcomes: individual patient data meta-analysis and health economic evaluation

Association between Physical Activity in Obese Pregnant Women and Pregnancy Outcomes: The UPBEAT Pilot Study

Daily walking decreases casual glucose level among pregnant women in the second trimester

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