Exercise effect with the wheelchair aerobic fitness trainer on conditioning and metabolic function in disabled persons: A pilot study

Midha, Meena; Schmitt, James K.; Sclater, Michele

doi:10.1016/s0003-9993(99)90135-1

Cited by 40 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…7 However, none of these studies included an AB comparison group. 1,4,7 It is probable that the young age and high level of training of our subjects impacted our findings. The use of MRI to measure body composition has been shown to be of particular relevance in assessing muscle quality and adipose tissue in the SCI population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Similar to other populations, the favorable impact of exercise training on body composition, [1][2][3][4][5][6] glucose and insulin levels 7 and the lipid profile [1][2][3][4][5]8 has been investigated in the spinal cord injury (SCI) population. Beyond whole body measures, novel adipose tissue depots measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows for the measurement of subcutaneous adipose tissue and intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The association between regional body composition and metabolic outcomes in athletes with spinal cord injury

et al. 2007

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Study design: Cross-sectional study comparing athletes with spinal cord injury (SCI) and age and body mass index matched able-bodied controls (AB). Objective: To examine the impact of exercise training on the relation between whole body, regional and intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) and glucose tolerance, insulin action and lipid profile. Setting: University Research Laboratory, USA. Methods: Fourteen college-aged athletes with SCI (seven men; duration of injury 16.575.7 years, level of injury T5-L5) and 17 sedentary AB (eight men) were assessed for body composition via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and magnetic resonance imaging. Insulin sensitivity index (ISI) was determined via 2-h oral glucose challenge; standard lipid profile was determined from fasting blood samples. Results: Although ISI was 30% higher in SCI, there were no significant differences between groups in glucose and insulin responses or in lipid measures. Adjusting for absolute and relative thigh IMAT area, fasting insulin (13.875.3 mIU, 16.375.6 mIU; Po0.05; SCI vs AB respectively) and ISI (4.071.4, 3.171.3; Po0.05) were significantly better among SCI athletes compared to AB. Measures of adiposity did not correlate with glucose response or most lipid measures. Within SCI and AB, respectively, ISI correlated strongly (all Po0.05) with absolute (r ¼ À0.70, À0.54) and relative IMAT (r ¼ À0.54, À0.50), than with trunk (r ¼ À0.62, À0.64) and whole body fat mass (r ¼ À0.61, À0.64). Conclusion: Habitual physical activity can maintain insulin sensitivity in SCI compared to sedentary AB controls. Total body fat mass, central adiposity and thigh IMAT appear to impact risk for metabolic disease in SCI individuals with IMAT playing a larger role in SCI than AB.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between regional body composition and metabolic outcomes in athletes with spinal cord injury

et al. 2007

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“…Only 3 subjects were assigned to each group, and no control group was included for comparison. There were 12 studies that reported carbohydrate-related outcomes (9,10,(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35) (Table 1) and 15 that reported lipid-related outcomes (9,10,26,27,30,(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44) (Table 2). Only 1 study included cardiovascular morbidity as an endpoint (Table 2), and this was assessed using a survey instrument with variable levels of sensitivity and specificity when tested in able-bodied populations (45).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four studies (1 active; 3 survey) reported fasting blood glucose measures. The active exercise study found no difference between fasting serum glucose before and after a 10-week training program (27). Of the 3 survey studies, one identified a statistically significant inverse correlation (r 5 20.53; P , 0.05) between reported levels of physical activity and fasting serum glucose (9).…”

Section: Impact Of Exercise Onmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of Exercise on Disorders of Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism in Adults With Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: Systematic Review of the Evidence

Carlson

Wilt

Taylor

et al. 2009

The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine

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Background/Objective: Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism disorders may affect adults with spinal cord injuries (SCIs) differently than able-bodied individuals because of reduced physical activity in the SCI population. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review to determine the effectiveness of exercise to improve carbohydrate and lipid metabolism disorders in adults with chronic SCI. Methods: Studies were identified in MEDLINE (1996MEDLINE ( -2008, Cochrane Library, bibliographies of identified articles, and expert recommendations. English language articles were included if they evaluated adults with chronic SCI; evaluated exercise; and reported carbohydrate-, lipid-, and/or cardiovascular disease-related outcomes. Results: Twenty-two studies met inclusion criteria, including 15 intervention case-series and 7 crosssectional surveys using self-reported physical activity measures. Intervention protocols involved active (n 5 7) or electrically stimulated (n 5 7) exercise or an educational program (n 5 1) from 8 to 52 weeks in duration. Frequency of exercise was typically 2 to 3 sessions/week, lasting 30 to 60 minutes/session. Totals of 150 and 369 subjects participated in studies with carbohydrate (n 5 12) or lipid and cardiovascular (n 5 16) outcomes, respectively; 78% were men. Level of SCI ranged from C4 to L5 and included both incomplete and complete lesions. Outcomes measures included fasting and postload blood glucose and insulin concentrations and serum cholesterol levels. Small sample sizes and variations in study design, intervention, SCI characteristics, and reported outcomes precluded quantitative pooling of results or reliable assessment of metabolic efficacy. No intervention studies assessed cardiovascular outcomes. Conclusions: Evidence is insufficient to determine whether exercise improves carbohydrate and lipid metabolism disorders among adults with SCI. Expert consensus, based on the preliminary evidence, is needed to inform future studies.

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“…Furthermore, the introduction of training in wheelchair group improves their quality of life (Midha, Schmitt, & Sclater, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Assessment of the Quality of Life in Visually Impaired People with Different Level of Physical Activity

Kamelska

Mazurek

2015

Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research

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Quality of life (QOL) is associated with factors such as health, physical functioning, life satisfaction, a sense of happiness, and others. In case of disabled people, much attention is paid to their QOL rather than only the improvement of physiological variables. In a group of blind and visually impaired people, the effect of physical activity (PA) on the socialization process, the ability to explore own personality traits, developing creativity, and more motivation and desire to overcome the difficulties associated with visual impairment were observed.The study involved 53 people: visually impaired (NT) sedentary lifestyle people (n=18; 51±12 years) and visually impaired tandem cycling athletes (N) (n=17; 42±13 years). Properly sighted people (P) (n=18; 38±12 years) were partners in tandem with visually impaired athletes. To determine the level of PA, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used. The WHO-Quality of Life (WHO-QOL-BREF), the National Eye Institute 25-item Visual Functioning Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25, version 2000), and the Retina AMD Poland Association questionnaire were used to assess QOL.In visually impaired athletes, significantly greater PA with moderate intensity, moving by bike, and energy expenditure for vigorous recreational exercise and sport in leisuretime was found. Sedentary lifestyle people mainly participated in moderate physical activity around the house. Significant greater satisfaction with health was observed in the case of visually impaired athletes in comparison with NT. All disabled groups rarely had negative feelings such as despair, depression, and anxiety.Moderate correlations between variables according to physical activity and quality of life in all participants were observed. The meaningfulness of life and life satisfaction also depended on cycling training and moderate physical activity around the house. The obtained data indicate that all available forms of regular PA in visually impaired people could have a beneficial effect on their quality of life.

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Exercise effect with the wheelchair aerobic fitness trainer on conditioning and metabolic function in disabled persons: A pilot study

Cited by 40 publications

References 11 publications

The association between regional body composition and metabolic outcomes in athletes with spinal cord injury

The association between regional body composition and metabolic outcomes in athletes with spinal cord injury

Effect of Exercise on Disorders of Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism in Adults With Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: Systematic Review of the Evidence

The Assessment of the Quality of Life in Visually Impaired People with Different Level of Physical Activity

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