Exercise for Depression

Cooney, Gary; Dwan, Kerry; Mead, Gillian

doi:10.1001/jama.2014.4930

Cited by 194 publications

(155 citation statements)

References 221 publications

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“…A strong research base supports the mood benefits of exercise [82], and more active individuals also have lower levels of inflammation than those who are less active [83]. Individuals who reported at least 2.5 h of moderate to vigorous physical activity per week had lower levels of CRP and IL-6 at baseline and 10 years later compared to their less active counterparts [83].…”

Section: Biopsychosocial Risk Factors For Elevated Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Depression: Does Inflammation Play a Role?

Derry

Padin

Kuo

et al. 2015

Curr Psychiatry Rep

146

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Women become depressed more frequently than men, a consistent pattern across cultures. Inflammation plays a key role in initiating depression among a subset of individuals, and depression also has inflammatory consequences. Notably, women experience higher levels of inflammation and greater autoimmune disease risk compared to men. In the current review, we explore the bidirectional relationship between inflammation and depression and describe how this link may be particularly relevant for women. Compared to men, women may be more vulnerable to inflammation-induced mood and behavior changes. For example, transient elevations in inflammation prompt greater feelings of loneliness and social disconnection for women than for men, which can contribute to the onset of depression. Women also appear to be disproportionately affected by several factors that elevate inflammation, including prior depression, somatic symptomatology, interpersonal stressors, childhood adversity, obesity, and physical inactivity. Relationship distress and obesity, both of which elevate depression risk, are also more strongly tied to inflammation for women than for men. Taken together, these findings suggest that women’s susceptibility to inflammation and its mood effects may contribute to sex differences in depression. Depression continues to be a leading cause of disability worldwide, with women experiencing greater risk than men. Due to the depression-inflammation connection, these patterns may promote additional health risks for women. Considering the impact of inflammation on women’s mental health may foster a better understanding of sex differences in depression, as well as the selection of effective depression treatments.

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Section: Biopsychosocial Risk Factors For Elevated Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Depression: Does Inflammation Play a Role?

Derry

Padin

Kuo

et al. 2015

Curr Psychiatry Rep

146

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Similarly, past work has demonstrated adverse effects on QoL resulting from sleep dysfunction, depression, and stress [28–30]. While this suggests that reductions in negative psychological health factors through exercise may lead to improved QoL in older adults, findings are inconclusive and the degree to which exercise may exert its influence on QoL through reductions in these symptoms is still unknown [31]. As such, studies examining the mediating effects of reductions in negative psychological health indices on the relationship between physical activity and QoL are warranted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a randomized exercise trial on physical activity, psychological distress and quality of life in older adults

Awick

Ehlers

Aguiñaga

et al. 2017

General Hospital Psychiatry

121

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Objective Evidence suggests improvements in positive psychological health indices (e.g., self-esteem) may explain the relationship between physical activity and quality of life (QoL) in older adults. Less is known about the role of reductions in negative psychological health indices (e.g., depression). The present study examined the effects of changes in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and psychological distress on change in QoL in older adults enrolled in an exercise program. Methods Older adults (N=247, Mage=65.68±4.59) participated in a six-month randomized exercise trial. Participants wore accelerometers and completed questionnaires to measure MVPA, psychological health, and QoL at baseline and post-intervention. Psychological distress was modeled as a latent factor comprised of anxiety, depression, sleep dysfunction, and stress. Structural models were used to examine the effects of changes in MVPA and distress on change in QoL. Results Increases in MVPA predicted reductions in distress from baseline to post-intervention (B=-0.10, p=0.05). In turn, reductions in distress predicted increases in QoL (B=-0.51, p=0.001). The indirect effect of MVPA on QoL through distress was also significant (p=0.05; 90% CI=0.005, 0.125). Conclusions Findings extend previous research on the mediators of the MVPA-QoL relationship in older adults, suggesting reductions in negative psychological health outcomes may also mediate this pathway.

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“…12 Antidepressants are not considered an effective treatment option for milder forms of depression, 13 and the efficacy of alternative treatment options for mild depression is variable. 14–16 Given limitations in existing treatment options for depression patients, there is a need to further understand the underlying neurobiology of depression and identify alternative treatment strategies. While several theories abound, there is much evidence to support that chronic inflammation influences the development of depression and, more importantly, may provide an opportunity for intervention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association of dietary inflammatory potential with depression and mental well-being among U.S. adults

Bergmans

Malecki

2017

Preventive Medicine

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Current treatment for depression is not considered effective among all cases and, thus far, nutritional protocols are minimal within depression treatment guidelines. Recently, there has been increasing interest in a possible protective and modifiable role of diet in common mental disorders, including depression, due to pro- and anti-inflammatory properties of nutrients. This study aims to investigate whether the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), designed to estimate the inflammatory potential of diet, is associated with depression and other measures of mental health. In a representative sample of U.S. adults (>20 years of age, N=11,592), the distribution of DII score is assessed. Multivariate logistic regression models determine the association between DII quintile and depression. Associations of DII quintile with frequent distress and frequent anxiety are also evaluated. In fully adjusted models, higher DII score is associated with over a twofold higher odds of depression (OR (95% CI) = 2.26 (1.60, 3.20) for highest vs. lowest quintile, Type III p-value = <0.0001). DII score is also associated with higher odds of frequent distress (OR (95% CI) = 1.81 (1.20, 2.71) for highest vs. lowest quintile, Type III p-value = 0.0167). This association was not significant for frequent anxiety (Type III p-value = 0.12). Results of this study indicate that dietary inflammatory potential is associated with depression. These results support existing hypotheses that inflammatory pathways play a role in the etiology of depression. Further research examining the underlying biological and cellular mechanisms of depression is warranted.

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Exercise for Depression

Abstract: Exercise is associated with a greater reduction in depression symptoms compared with no treatment, placebo, or active control interventions, such as relaxation or meditation. However, analysis of high-quality studies alone suggests only small benefits.

Cited by 194 publications

References 221 publications

Sex Differences in Depression: Does Inflammation Play a Role?

Sex Differences in Depression: Does Inflammation Play a Role?

Effects of a randomized exercise trial on physical activity, psychological distress and quality of life in older adults

The association of dietary inflammatory potential with depression and mental well-being among U.S. adults

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