Exercise for Primary and Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

Tucker, Wesley J.; Fegers-Wustrow, Isabel; Halle, Martin; Haykowsky, Mark J.; Chung, Eugene H.; Kovacic, Jason

doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2022.07.004

Cited by 80 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…1 Precision health is focused on prevention, maintaining and even optimizing health, which should be an effective way to intervene common sedentary and western diet induced lifestyle metabolic diseases including the onset of age-related diseases. [2][3][4][5][6][7] More people are prioritizing and monitoring their personal health regime through an array of health strategies involving nutrition, physical fitness, healthy microbiome, wearable technology, and mental health wellbeing. [8][9][10][11][12] Physicians, scientists, and individuals can become proactive in their self-health management and requires appropriate assays beyond the conventional medically prescribed tests to quantitatively measure disease progression to provide actionable and personalized health insights.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of a 60-biomarker health surveillance panel (HSP) on whole blood from remote sampling devices by targeted LC/MRM-MS and discovery DIA-MS analysis

Whelan

Hendricks

Dwight

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Telehealth, accessing healthcare and wellness remotely, should be a cost effective and efficient way for individuals to receive care. The convenience of having a robust remote collection device for blood tests will facilitate access to precision medicine and healthcare. Herein, we tested a 60-biomarker health surveillance panel (HSP), containing 35 FDA/LDT assays and covering at least 14 pathological states, on 8 healthy individuals ability to collect their own capillary blood from a lancet finger prick and directly compared to the traditional phlebotomist venous blood and plasma collection methods. Samples were quantitatively analyzed by a liquid chromatography-multiple reaction monitoring-mass spectrometry method targeting 114 peptides representing 60 HSP proteins and by a data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry discovery method, resulting in up to 3,811 protein identifications including 122 FDA approved biomarkers. The >90% similarity between the three biofluids indicate that remote collection devices are a viable option for personal blood proteome biosignature stratification and health analysis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of a 60-biomarker health surveillance panel (HSP) on whole blood from remote sampling devices by targeted LC/MRM-MS and discovery DIA-MS analysis

Whelan

Hendricks

Dwight

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Furthermore, there is variation in the characteristics of the different CAD populations studied and limited information on the impact and feasibility of HIIT in elderly individuals 18 , 19 . Thus, further research in the application of HIIT exercise protocols in CAD patients is warranted to specify exercise recommendations that optimise health benefits and reduce risk 20 , 21 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility and impact of whole-body high-intensity interval training in patients with stable coronary artery disease: a randomised controlled trial

Kristiansen

Sjúrðarson

Grove

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Exercise training reduces cardiovascular mortality and improves quality of life in CAD patients. We investigated the feasibility and impact of 12 weeks of low-volume high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in CAD-patients. Patients with stable CAD were randomized 1:1 to supervised HIIT or standard care. HIIT sessions were completed three times weekly for 12 weeks on a rowing ergometer. Before and after the 12-week intervention, patients completed a physiological evaluation of cardiorespiratory performance and quality of life questionnaires. Mixed model analysis was used to evaluate differences between and within groups. A total of 142 patients (67 ± 9 years, nHIIT = 64, nStandard care = 78) completed the trial. Training adherence was 97% (range 86–100%). Six patients dropped out because of non-fatal adverse events. Weekly training duration was 54 min with an average power output of 138 W. HIIT increased peak oxygen uptake by 2.5 mL/kg/min (95% CI 2.1–3.0), whereas no change was observed in standard care (0.2 mL/kg/min, 95% CI − 0.2–0.6, P < 0.001). In addition, HIIT improved markers of quality of life, including physical functioning, limitations due to physical illness, general health and vitality (P < 0.05). Twelve weeks of low-volume whole-body HIIT increased cardiorespiratory capacity and improved quality of life in patients with stable CAD compared to standard care. In addition, our study demonstrates that the applied vigorous training regime is feasible for this patient group.Clinical trial registration:www.clinicaltrials.gov. Identification number: NCT04268992.

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“…Data on the beneficial effects of EXER as a pre- or post-conditioning strategy for cardiac arrest and resuscitation are scarce. There is little doubt about the cardioprotective role of EXER and physical activity, on overall cardiovascular health suggesting a beneficial effect of EXER, and the benefits of post-MI EXER rehabilitation [ 113 , 114 , 115 ]. Recent data from the Korean National Outpatient CA registry showed that patients with higher intensity physical activity during exercise before and index CA had better survival outcomes and a successful percutaneous coronary intervention [ 116 ] suggesting a protective role for EXER specifically in CA.…”

Section: Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Abbreviations: ↑ = increase, ↓ = decrease, MI = Myocardial Infarction, VEGF = vascular endothelial growth factor, TNF-α = tumor necrosis factor alpha, IL-1β = interleukin1-beta, IL-6 = interleukin 6, IL-17 = interleukin 17, IL-10 = interleukin 10, IL1-ra = interleukin 1 receptor antagonist, MCP-1 = Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1, sVCAM-1 = soluble Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1, TIE2 = endothelial-specific receptor tyrosine kinase family, eNOS = endothelial derived nitric oxide synthase, NFƙβ-p65 = nuclear factor kappa beta p65 subunit, VF = ventricular fibrillation, LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction, EF = Ejection Fraction. [ 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 114 , 115 , 116 , 117 , 121 , 122 , 125 , 126 , 128 , 129 , 133 , 134 , 138 , 139 , 140 , 141 , 143 , 160 , 161 , 162 , 166 , 172 , 175 , 177 , 178 , 179 , 182 , 183 , 184 , 185 , 186 , 188 , 189 ].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Invasive Pulsatile Shear Stress Modifies Endothelial Activation; A Narrative Review

2022

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The monolayer of cells that line both the heart and the entire vasculature is the endothelial cell (EC). These cells respond to external and internal signals, producing a wide array of primary or secondary messengers involved in coagulation, vascular tone, inflammation, and cell-to-cell signaling. Endothelial cell activation is the process by which EC changes from a quiescent cell phenotype, which maintains cellular integrity, antithrombotic, and anti-inflammatory properties, to a phenotype that is prothrombotic, pro-inflammatory, and permeable, in addition to repair and leukocyte trafficking at the site of injury or infection. Pathological activation of EC leads to increased vascular permeability, thrombosis, and an uncontrolled inflammatory response that leads to endothelial dysfunction. This pathological activation can be observed during ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) and sepsis. Shear stress (SS) and pulsatile shear stress (PSS) are produced by mechanical frictional forces of blood flow and contraction of the heart, respectively, and are well-known mechanical signals that affect EC function, morphology, and gene expression. PSS promotes EC homeostasis and cardiovascular health. The archetype of inducing PSS is exercise (i.e., jogging, which introduces pulsations to the body as a function of the foot striking the pavement), or mechanical devices which induce external pulsations to the body (Enhanced External Pulsation (EECP), Whole-body vibration (WBV), and Whole-body periodic acceleration (WBPA aka pGz)). The purpose of this narrative review is to focus on the aforementioned noninvasive methods to increase PSS, review how each of these modify specific diseases that have been shown to induce endothelial activation and microcirculatory dysfunction (Ischemia reperfusion injury-myocardial infarction and cardiac arrest and resuscitation), sepsis, and lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis syndrome (LPS)), and review current evidence and insight into how each may modify endothelial activation and how these may be beneficial in the acute and chronic setting of endothelial activation and microvascular dysfunction.

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Exercise for Primary and Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

Cited by 80 publications

References 101 publications

Assessment of a 60-biomarker health surveillance panel (HSP) on whole blood from remote sampling devices by targeted LC/MRM-MS and discovery DIA-MS analysis

Assessment of a 60-biomarker health surveillance panel (HSP) on whole blood from remote sampling devices by targeted LC/MRM-MS and discovery DIA-MS analysis

Feasibility and impact of whole-body high-intensity interval training in patients with stable coronary artery disease: a randomised controlled trial

Non-Invasive Pulsatile Shear Stress Modifies Endothelial Activation; A Narrative Review

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