Exercise in adult and pediatric hematological cancer survivors: an intervention review

Abstract

Observational research has shown that the physical activity levels of survivors of hematological cancer are low, with deleterious health consequences. This review summarizes the research on exercise interventions in adult and pediatric hematological cancer survivors. We searched MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane and PEDro through September 2009 for exercise intervention studies in children and adults with any type of hematological cancer. In the 24 adult intervention studies reviewed, we found strong evidence (that is, X3 high-quality studies and X75% reporting a significant benefit) for a benefit on body composition. Weak, but promising, evidence (X3 high-quality studies, but o75% reporting a significant benefit) was found for cardiorespiratory fitness, fatigue, muscle strength, physical functioning and quality of life. In pediatric interventions (13 studies), we found strong evidence for a benefit on muscle strength and cardiorespiratory fitness, particularly, if training was conducted in the hospital setting. Evidence is weak for ankle dorsiflexion, physical functioning and body composition. No exerciserelated risks were identified in adults or children studies. Though more randomized controlled trials are needed, a growing body of literature supports the notion that regular physical activity is safe and has potential benefits for both adult and pediatric hematological cancer survivors.

Long-term Cardiovascular Toxicity in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults Who Receive Cancer Therapy: Pathophysiology, Course, Monitoring, Management, Prevention, and Research Directions

“…624 However, limited but emerging data show that physical activity and training programs can improve exercise capacity, weight control, mental status, and cardiometabolic risk with little compromise of cardiac function. 625,626 Supervised exercise programs appear to be more effective than those undertaken at home.…”

Impact of Aerobic Exercise on Physical Fitness and Fatigue in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

“…Aerobic exercise is defined as "sub maximal, rhythmic, repetitive exercise of large muscle group, during which the needed energy is supplied by inspired oxygen" [13]. It is considered to be valuable in the management of cancer-related physical outcomes as well as the quality of life in other forms of cancer [14,15].…”

Exercício Físico e Câncer

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Os benefícios decorrentes da prática do exercício físico para pacientes com câncer estão evidenciados em bem conduzidas revisões sistemáticas [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] , demonstrando a melhora de aptidão cardiorrespiratória, força e resistência muscular, reduções da fadiga, depressão, ansiedade e angústia. Apesar destas informações, o American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) publicou em 2010 o "Roundtable on Exercise Guidelines for Cancer Survivors" 8 sobre o exercício físico em pacientes com câncer, mostrando que ainda existem diversas lacunas, necessitando de maiores e mais robustos estudos nesta área.

O artigo "Parâmetros, Considerações e Modulação de Programas de Exercício Físico para Pacientes Oncológicos -Uma Revisão Sistemática" 9 , na avaliação do nosso grupo de pesquisa, que conta com a participação de um dos autores citados no referido artigo (Claudio Battaglini, atuando na Universidade da Carolina do Norte, EUA), apresenta inconsistências no texto, referidas a seguir:

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