Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, allergy and sports in children

Abstract

Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is characterized by the narrowing of airways during or after physical activity, leading to symptoms such as wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath. Distinguishing between EIB and exercise-induced asthma (EIA) is essential, given their divergent therapeutic and prognostic considerations. EIB has been increasingly recognized as a significant concern in pediatric athletes. Moreover, studies indicate a noteworthy prevalence of EIB in children with atopic predispositions, unveiling a potential link between allergic sensitivities and exercise-induced respiratory symptoms, underpinned by an inflammatory reaction caused by mechanical, environmental, and genetic factors. Holistic management of EIB in children necessitates a correct diagnosis and a combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. This review delves into the latest evidence concerning EIB in the pediatric population, exploring its associations with atopy and sports, and emphasizing the appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic approaches by highlighting various clinical scenarios.

The Prevention of House Dust Mite Allergies in Pediatric Asthma

“…For example, diets rich in fruits, vegetables, and omega-3 fatty acids have been associated with a reduced risk of allergic diseases, while high-fat and processed diets may exacerbate inflammation [86]. Regular physical activity has been shown to improve lung function and reduce the severity of asthma symptoms [87,88]. Conversely, exposure to tobacco smoke, air pollution, and occupational allergens can increase the risk of asthma development and worsen symptoms in individuals sensitized to HDM allergens [89].…”