Exercise intensity dependent inhibition of 1-methyl-l-nitrosourea induced mammary carcinogenesis in female F-344 rats

Thompson, Henry J.; Westerlind, Kim C.; Snedden, Jack R.; Briggs, Stephanie; Singh, Meenakshi

doi:10.1093/carcin/16.8.1783

Cited by 47 publications

(42 citation statements)

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“…As a result, we can only speculate that body composition was not different between the groups as tumor burden increased. In support of our findings, several other investigations have also shown benefits of physical activity on breast cancer independent of changes in body composition (5,9,10). Therefore, additional hypotheses explaining the changes induced by voluntary wheel running may include alterations in energy sensing pathways, growth related proteins and/or myokines and cytokines (14,15,31).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effects of voluntary exercise on tumorigenesis in the C3(1)/SV40Tag transgenic mouse model of breast cancer

Steiner

Davis

McClellan

et al. 2013

International Journal of Oncology

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Abstract. Epidemiologic studies suggest an association between physical activity (PA) and breast cancer risk. We examined the relationship between voluntary wheel running and breast cancer in C3(1)/SV40Tag mice. Female FVB/N and C3(1)/SV40Tag mice were assigned to either PA [C3(1)-PA] (n=12) or sedentary (Sed) [C3(1)-Sed] (n=15) treatment and were placed in a cage with access to a running wheel (PA) or without (Sed) from 4 to 24 weeks of age (sacrifice). Physical activity data were analyzed for running distance, time and speed. Body composition was examined at 12 weeks of age. Tumors were counted twice weekly and at sacrifice to assess multiplicity. Tumor volume was calculated using external calipers [0.52 x (largest diameter) x (smallest diameter) 2 ]. Heart and body weight were also recorded at sacrifice. Results showed that voluntary wheel running reduced tumor volume per tumor [C3(1)-Sed, 422.3±89.9 mm 3 ; C3(1)-PA, 260.2±61.7 mm 3 ] (P<0.05), but was associated with increased tumor number (P<0.05). Body composition analysis showed no differences in body fat between the groups. Heart weight/body weight ratio was increased following physical activity (P<0.05) providing evidence of a training effect. In conclusion, voluntary wheel running activity was effective at slowing tumor growth in the C3(1)/SV40Tag mouse model of breast cancer, but did not inhibit tumor initiation. These data provide support for further development of the C3(1)/SV40Tag mouse model for use in understanding the role of physical activity on breast cancer progression and the mechanisms for its effects.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effects of voluntary exercise on tumorigenesis in the C3(1)/SV40Tag transgenic mouse model of breast cancer

Steiner

Davis

McClellan

et al. 2013

International Journal of Oncology

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“…The association of physical activity with reduced risk of breast cancer is also supported by several animal studies [28][29][30][31] The studies have shown that both the initiation and promotion/ progression phases of mammary carcinogenesis are inhibited by exercise.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Physical Activity and The Risk of Breast Cancer : A Case-control Study of Japanese Women

Ueji

Ueno

Osei‐Hyiaman

et al. 1998

Journal of Epidemiology

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A case-control study was conducted in Ibaraki, Japan. Cases were 148 women aged 26-69 diagnosed with breast cancer at Tsukuba University Hospital or Tsukuba Medical Center Hospital between January 1990 and March 1997. Two controls were individually matched to cases by age (within 1 year) and residence (municipalities). A self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain information on physical activity and the effects of potential confounding factors. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95 percent confidence intervals (95% CIs). After adjustment for potential confounding factors (height, body mass index (BMI), family history of breast cancer, education, age at menarche, age at first birth, parity, menopausal status), recreational physical activity was associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer (p for trend = 0.005). OR for breast cancer among women who played regular sport or exercise more than 15.3 METs per week was 0.35 (95% Cl = 0.17, 0.73), as compared to women with no sport or exercise. The risk of breast cancer was also reduced in women with higher occupational physical activity levels, but it was not significant (p for trend = 0.223). The adjusted OR among the highest quartile level was 0.55 (95% CI = 0.27, 1.12) with the lowest quartile level as reference. Our findings support a protective effect of recreational physical activity on breast cancer in Japanese women.J Epidemiol, 1998 ; 8 : 116-122. physical exercise, breast neoplasms, primary prevention, case-controlIn recent years, mounting epidemiologic evidence has indicated that physical activity is associated with decreased incidence of specific types of cancers 1-7). The cancer site most frequently studied in relation to physical activity is the colon 2.3. 4,6) Physical activity is known to delay age at menarche, influence menstrual cycle patterns and ovulatory frequency, and may also be related to breast cancer 8-12). These effects of physical activity may reduce cumulative exposure to ovarian hormones, therefore inhibiting carcinogenesis in the breast. Several epidemiologic studies have examined the association between physical activity and breast cancer risk 13-27). In the most recently published cohort study, Thune et al. 27) concluded that physical activity during leisure time and at work is associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer. In addition, several animal experimental studies have shown that mammary tumor incidence is decreased by exercise 28-31) However, the amount of scientific evidence in support of the relation is still quite limited, and the relation is not clarified in Japanese women. We conducted a matched case-control study of breast cancer among Japanese women. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between recreational and occupational physical activity and the risk of breast cancer in Japanese women.Received October 8, 1997 ; accepted December 17, 1997. 1 Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan.M. Ueji, et al. 117 METHODS Identif...

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“…Several prior preclinical reports have shown an inhibitory effect of exercise training on spontaneous and chemically induced tumor growth, metastatic progression and microvessel density without concurrent chemotherapy (4,7,8,26,27). However, almost all of these studies have examined the effects of exhaustive treadmill running at f80% to 90% of maximal oxygen consumption (VO 2max ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Exercise Training on Antitumor Efficacy of Doxorubicin in MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Xenografts

Jones

Eves

Courneya

et al. 2005

Clinical Cancer Research

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Purpose: Exercise is becoming readily accepted as a beneficial adjunct therapy to maintain or enhance quality of life in breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy. An essential precursor to these studies is to investigate whether exercise modulates the antitumor efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents. Experimental Design: Athymic female mice were transplanted with MDA-MB-231 breast xenografts and randomly assigned to one of four groups (n = 21 per group): (a) control, (b) exercise-only, (c) doxorubicin-only, or (d) exercise + doxorubicin. Exercise groups performed progressive treadmill running up to 18 m/min at 0% grade for 45 minutes, 5 d/wk for 8 weeks.Results: Tumor growth delay was significantly longer in the doxorubicin-only and exercise + doxorubicin groups compared with the control (median 42 versus 25 days, P = 0.0082; 36 versus 25 days, P = 0.029, respectively) and exercise-only groups (median 42 versus 25 days, P = 0.029; 36 versus 25 days, P = 0.080, respectively). There was no significant difference between the doxorubicin-only and exercise + doxorubicin groups (median 42 versus 36 days, P = 0.33), suggesting that moderate intensity exercise does not significantly influence doxorubicininduced tumor growth delay. Conclusion:These studies are essential to fully understand the safety and application of exercise as a supportive intervention in cancer control.

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Exercise intensity dependent inhibition of 1-methyl-l-nitrosourea induced mammary carcinogenesis in female F-344 rats

Cited by 47 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of voluntary exercise on tumorigenesis in the C3(1)/SV40Tag transgenic mouse model of breast cancer

Effects of voluntary exercise on tumorigenesis in the C3(1)/SV40Tag transgenic mouse model of breast cancer

Physical Activity and The Risk of Breast Cancer : A Case-control Study of Japanese Women

Effects of Exercise Training on Antitumor Efficacy of Doxorubicin in MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Xenografts

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