Exercise Is Associated with a Reduction in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Cordero, Yaiza; Mottola, Michelle F.; Vargas, Juana; Blanco, Maite; Barakat, Rubén

doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000000547

Cited by 132 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Although not all GDM events can be prevented, lifestyle interventions introduced early in pregnancy or before pregnancy have the potential of preventing GDM development, at least among some women. This is supported by the promising findings from large observational studies on pre-pregnancy diet and lifestyle (Table 1), aforementioned positive findings from studies that started the intervention early in pregnancy [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40], and by the successful prevention of type 2 diabetes with diet and lifestyle modification among non-pregnant individuals, for example, in the FDPS [26] and in the US DPP [27]. Finally, findings from animal and human medical studies have demonstrated the biological plausibility of improving insulin sensitivity and secretion through diet and lifestyle modification.…”

mentioning

confidence: 61%

“…The few studies that did demonstrate a significant beneficial effect of diet and/or physical activity all started the intervention relatively early, in the first trimester, before or near 13 weeks of gestation [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. For example, among all the published studies to date on physical activity interventions for GDM prevention [41,42], the point estimate for the majority of studies indicate a beneficial effect, yet only those with the intervention starting early in the first trimester had statistically significant findings [33][34][35]38]. The same was true for intervention approaches that combined physical activity with diet modification [36,37,40], administered diet modification/supplement alone [39] or pharmacological intervention with metformin [31].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Risk factors for gestational diabetes: is prevention possible?

2016

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Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a common pregnancy complication, continues to be a significant public health and clinical problem. It carries significant short-term and long-term adverse health outcomes for both mother and offspring, which reinforces the significance of understanding risk factors, in particular modifiable factors, for GDM and of preventing the condition. Research in the past decade from observational studies has identified a few diet and lifestyle factors that are associated with GDM risk and demonstrated that time frames both before and during pregnancy may be relevant to the development of GDM. Findings from intervention studies on the effect of diet and lifestyle on the prevention of GDM have been largely controversial and inconsistent. Variations in study population, types of intervention, timing and duration of intervention and diagnostic criteria for GDM may all at least partly account for the large heterogeneity in the findings from these intervention studies. This review provides an overview of emerging diet, lifestyle, and other factors that may help to prevent GDM, and the challenges associated with prevention. It also discusses major methodological concerns about the available epidemiological studies on GDM risk factors. Findings from both observational and intervention studies are discussed.

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confidence: 61%

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confidence: 99%

Risk factors for gestational diabetes: is prevention possible?

2016

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“…Building on these findings, a 2015 study conversely found a significant reduction of risk (90%, Odds ratio = 0.10, P = 0.09) for GDM, as well as a reduction in Oral Glucose Tolerance Test at 180 minutes post intake with the exercise group (intervention 98 mg/dL vs. 116.25 mg/dL Control) [18]. Overall this study was still relatively small and did not mention nutrition as an influence of outcomes [18]. Prior to this influential study, another group reviewed 1241 Hispanic women and reviewed self-reported exercise levels at prepregnancy, early and mid-pregnancy [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Despite this being a large study, the data was collected retrospectively and a significant portion was survey-based thus leaving it open to patient interpretation [17]. Building on these findings, a 2015 study conversely found a significant reduction of risk (90%, Odds ratio = 0.10, P = 0.09) for GDM, as well as a reduction in Oral Glucose Tolerance Test at 180 minutes post intake with the exercise group (intervention 98 mg/dL vs. 116.25 mg/dL Control) [18]. Overall this study was still relatively small and did not mention nutrition as an influence of outcomes [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Exercise As Therapy for Gestational Diabetes - What’s the Evidence?

Wilson

Shenouda

2017

Int J Appl Exerc Physiol

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Men and women differ greatly in their physiology; they are able to undertake different types and levels of activity, and also respond differently physiologically to aerobic and anaerobic exercise. Women have an additional capacity for pregnancy and their ability to undergo significant physiological change in a short period of time. They are, however, subject to further conditions that men are not susceptible to, such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This review will aim to analyse the recent literature regarding exercise and GDM and determine whether exercise can reduce the risk of developing GDM and any potential sequelae. Despite there being a lack of clear consensus on the subject, exercise is a useful adjunct in the treatment of gestational diabetes and may attenuate some of its more harmful sequelae.

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“…Exercise increases the rate of glucose uptake in the skeletal muscle; a process that is regulated by the GLUT 4 transporter improves glycemic control and insulin sensitivity [42,43]. Both fasting and postprandial blood glucose concentrations can be reduced by exercise in women with GDM [44].…”

Section: Treatment Of Gdmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gestational Diabetes: Screening, Management, Timing of Delivery

Korkmazer

Solak

Tokgöz

2015

Curr Obstet Gynecol Rep

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Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a pancreatic function insufficiency to overcome the insulin resistance associated with the pregnant state. The prevalence of GDM is about 2-5 % of normal pregnancies. To prevent the adverse outcome for the mother, the fetus, and neonatal period, detection of GDM is important. Screening methods vary by clinics. Screening can either be selective, based upon risk stratification or universal. Timely testing enables the obstetrician to assess glucose tolerance in the presence of the insulin-resistant state of pregnancy and permits treatment to begin before excessive fetal growth has occurred. After the diagnosis of GDM, close perinatal surveillance is necessary. The goal of treatment in GDM is to reduce fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality. The exact glucose values needed are still unknown. The decision whether and when to induce delivery depends on gestational age, fetal growth, maternal glucose levels, and Bishop score. Screening, follow-up, and treatment of GDM still have controversies.

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Exercise Is Associated with a Reduction in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract: The exercise program performed during pregnancy reduced the prevalence of GDM by preserving glucose tolerance.

Cited by 132 publications

References 33 publications

Risk factors for gestational diabetes: is prevention possible?

Risk factors for gestational diabetes: is prevention possible?

Exercise As Therapy for Gestational Diabetes - What’s the Evidence?

Gestational Diabetes: Screening, Management, Timing of Delivery

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