Exercise Is Medicine

Elrick, Harold

doi:10.1080/00913847.1996.11947914

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In addition to performance, the abovementioned practical applications were also relevant from a health perspective. The role of exercise in the prevention and treatment of diseases (e.g., coronary artery disease, stroke, hypertension, diabetes, arthritis, osteoporosis, dyslipidemia, obesity, depression, cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) has been well recognized [47]. The findings of the present study can aid physicians prescribing endurance exercise considering sex and age [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Women Reduce the Performance Difference to Men with Increasing Age in Ultra-Marathon Running

Waldvogel

Nikolaidis

Gangi

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Age and sex are well-known factors influencing ultra-marathon race performance. The fact that women in older age groups are able to achieve a similar performance as men has been documented in swimming. In ultra-marathon running, knowledge is still limited. The aim of this study was to analyze sex-specific performance in ultra-marathon running according to age and distance. All ultra-marathon races documented in the online database of the German Society for Ultra-Marathon from 1964 to 2017 for 50-mile races (i.e., 231,980 records from 91,665 finishers) and from 1953 to 2017 for 100-mile races (i.e., 107,445 records from 39,870 finishers) were analyzed. In 50-mile races, race times were 11.74 ± 1.95 h for men and 12.31 ± 1.69 h for women. In 100-mile races, race times were 26.6 ± 3.49 h for men and 27.47 ± 3.6 h for women. The sex differences decreased with older age and were smaller in 100-mile (4.41%) than in 50-mile races (9.13%). The overall age of peak performance was 33 years for both distances. In summary, women reduced the performance difference to men with advancing age, the relative difference being smaller in 100-mile compared to 50-mile races. These findings might aid coaches and ultra-marathon runners set long-term training goals considering their sex and age.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Women Reduce the Performance Difference to Men with Increasing Age in Ultra-Marathon Running

Waldvogel

Nikolaidis

Gangi

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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“…While it has been suggested that physical fitness may serve as a nonpharmacological way of treating the effects of stress (Elrick 1996), the relationship between these two concepts is not clear. Research that investigates the effect of physical fitness on the stress response has focused, in part, on whether fit individuals have a blunted reaction to a laboratory or naturally occurring stressor (Brooke and Long 1987;Van Doornen and De Geus 1989;Choi and Salmon 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aerobic fitness has also been associated with decreased plasma catecholamine levels during both physical and psychological stress (Sothmann and others 1987). A more recent report suggests that exercise consisting of aerobic, anaerobic, and conditioning components may serve as a treatment and/or prevention for illnesses such as heart disease, cancer, stroke, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis (Elrick 1996).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Aerobic Fitness on the Physiological Stress Response in Women

Summers

Lustyk

Heitkemper

et al. 1999

Biological Research For Nursing

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Stress reactivity was assessed in aerobically fit (n = 14) and unfit (n = 8) females during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Participants completed the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and provided a urine sample for catecholamine analysis before and after mental stress testing, Stroop Color-Word Test. Blood pressure, heart rate, muscle tension, and skin conductance were measured during mental stress testing. Fit and unfit participants differed significantly in baseline heart rate but not in stress reactivity or in state or trait anxiety. These data suggest that aerobic fitness does not attenuate the stress response in women prior to menopause.

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“…Whether exercise activates BAT or induces its recruitment is uncertain 9 . Exercise is an effective aid in preventing many physical 10 and mental 11 diseases 12 , including adiposity, but its effect on BAT remains controversial 13–15 . Case-control studies have shown that the BAT 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose ( 18 F-FDG) uptake of endurance-trained men 16 and women 17 [high levels of maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max)] is lower than that of sedentary and non-athlete controls [low VO2max].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness/muscular strength and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in brown adipose tissue after exposure to cold in young, sedentary adults

Martínez-Téllez

Sánchez-Delgado

Amaro-Gahete

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Humans have metabolically active brown adipose tissue (BAT). However, what is the relation between exercise or physical activity with this tissue remains controversial. Therefore, the main aim of the present study is to examine whether cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength are associated with brown adipose tissue (BAT) volume and activity after exposure to cold in young, sedentary adults. Cardiorespiratory fitness was determined in 119 young, healthy, sedentary adults (68% women, age 21.9 ± 2.1 years, body mass index 25 ± 4.8 kg/m 2 ) via the maximum treadmill exercise test, and their muscular strength assessed by the handgrip strength test and the 1-repetition maximum bench and leg press tests. Some days later, all subjects were exposed to 2 h of personalized exposure to cold and their cold-induced BAT volume and activity determined by a combination of 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose ( 18 F-FDG) positron emission tomography and computed tomography scan. Cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with neither the BAT volume nor BAT activity (P ≥ 0.05). However, handgrip strength with respect to lean body mass was positively (though weakly) associated with BAT activity as represented by the 18 F-FDG mean standardised uptake value (SUV) (β = 3.595, R 2 = 0.039, P = 0.031) and SUVpeak value (β = 15.314, R 2 = 0.037, P = 0.035). The above relationships remained after adjusting for several confounders. No other associations were found. Handgrip strength with respect to lean body mass is positively associated with BAT activity (SUVmean and SUVpeak) in young adults after exposure to cold - but only weakly. Further studies are needed to reveal the relationship between muscular fitness and human BAT characteristics.

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Exercise Is Medicine

Cited by 13 publications

References 32 publications

Women Reduce the Performance Difference to Men with Increasing Age in Ultra-Marathon Running

Women Reduce the Performance Difference to Men with Increasing Age in Ultra-Marathon Running

Effect of Aerobic Fitness on the Physiological Stress Response in Women

Relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness/muscular strength and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in brown adipose tissue after exposure to cold in young, sedentary adults

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