Exercise, Neuroplasticity, and Growth Factors in Adolescence

Pareja‐Galeano, Helios; Mayero, Sara; Sanchís-Gomar, Fabián

doi:10.1002/9781118840634.ch27

Cited by 20 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 179 publications

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“…Our fi ndings are consistent with previous research regarding the benefi cial effect of longterm exercise training on growth and tissue remodeling factors in adolescence [3,22], emphasizing the potential signifi cance and impact of exercise in the developing body of the adolescent athlete [40]. However, due to the systemic nature of our data, further studies to examine the local responses of those anabolic and angiogenic mediators in skeletal muscle and/or bone tissue of the adolescent athlete would be of great importance.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…However, no changes were revealed in the ALB or ALD values during the experimental period in either the TG or CG (P>0.05; Table 1). Similarly to the fi ndings of the present study, previous cross-sectional studies have demonstrated that circulating IGF-1 levels are higher in fi tter adolescents and adults [4,22], indicating that exercise training is associated with the enhancement of anabolic activity through the function of IGF-1. This anabolic factor is mainly produced in the liver and enters into the circulation as a hormone, but also it is expressed in skeletal muscle and other tissues.…”

Section: Circulating Growth and Vascular Remodeling Factorssupporting

confidence: 66%

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Growth and Vascular Remodeling Factors during a Basketball Season in Adolescent Boys

Armenis¹,

Philippou²,

Maridaki³

et al. 2017

Int J Vasc Surg Med

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Background: Circulating factors during exercise training are implicated in the adaptive mechanisms of physical conditioning. However, there is lack of information regarding the effect of basketball training on circulating growth and vascular remodeling factors in adolescents. The purpose of this study was to characterize the serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3), albumin (ALB) and aldolase (ALD) responses in healthy adolescent boys over the course of a regular basketball season, and compared them with age-and sex-matched participants not involved systematically in any physical activity. Materials and methods:We evaluated systemic and body composition changes in basketball athletes (n=34; mean age 17.1±0.7 yrs) and controls (n=21; mean age 17.2±0.9 yrs) before training, at peak season (8 wks), and at the end of the season (32 wks).Results: Changes in % body fat and body mass index (BMI) were observed in the training group (TG) over time (P<0.05-0.001), while these parameters remained unchanged in the control group (CG). TG exhibited higher serum ALB and ALD levels compared with CG (P<0.001) while they did not change over time (P>0.05). Circulating IGF-1, VEGF and MMP-3 levels increased in TG over time (P<0.01) and were higher compared to CG (P<0.001), in which there were not any changes. Conclusion:The elevated levels of growth, metabolic and vascular remodeling factors in the adolescent basketball athletes potentially indicate benefi cial, anabolic and angiogenic, processes in response to this mode of exercise training.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Circulating Growth and Vascular Remodeling Factorssupporting

confidence: 66%

Growth and Vascular Remodeling Factors during a Basketball Season in Adolescent Boys

Armenis¹,

Philippou²,

Maridaki³

et al. 2017

Int J Vasc Surg Med

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“…In this respect and fourth, the pattern of results might reflect latent but unassessed physiological or psychological factors. More specifically, recent research has shown that higher levels of BDNF are associated with better sleep [38] and increased exercise [39]. Therefore, future studies might assess BDNF as a possible 'missing link' in explaining the association between exercising and sleep.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

High self-perceived exercise exertion before bedtime is associated with greater objectively assessed sleep efficiency

et al. 2014

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“…Cerebral, endocrine, and circadian phase-shift responses should also be examined in future studies as physiological mechanisms potentially explaining the effects of exercising prior to sleep on sleep variables [38]. For example, it appears that acute and regular exercise leads to a broad variety of physiological changes such as an increased secretion of brain-derived neurotrophic factor [50,51] which may have a positive influence on sleep [52]. However, performing exercise in association with loaded psychosocial stress and decreased sleep quantity/quality may lead to decreases in plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor [53].…”

Section: High-intensity Exercise and Sleepmentioning

confidence: 98%

Stress, Sleep and Recovery in Elite Soccer: A Critical Review of the Literature

et al. 2015

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In elite soccer, players are frequently exposed to various situations and conditions that can interfere with sleep, potentially leading to sleep deprivation. This article provides a comprehensive and critical review of the current available literature regarding the potential acute and chronic stressors (i.e., psychological, sociological and physiological stressors) placed on elite soccer players that may result in compromised sleep quantity and/or quality. Sleep is an essential part of the recovery process as it provides a number of important psychological and physiological functions. The effects of sleep disturbance on post-soccer match fatigue mechanisms and recovery time course are also described. Physiological and cognitive changes that occur when competing at night are often not conducive to sleep induction. Although the influence of high-intensity exercise performed during the night on subsequent sleep is still debated, environmental conditions (e.g., bright light in the stadium, light emanated from the screens) and behaviours related to evening soccer matches (e.g., napping, caffeine consumption, alcohol consumption) as well as engagement and arousal induced by the match may all potentially affect subsequent sleep. Apart from night soccer matches, soccer players are subjected to inconsistency in match schedules, unique team schedules and travel fatigue that may also contribute to the sleep debt. Sleep deprivation may be detrimental to the outcome of the recovery process after a match, resulting in impaired muscle glycogen repletion, impaired muscle damage repair, alterations in cognitive function and an increase in mental fatigue. The role of sleep in recovery is a complex issue, reinforcing the need for future research to estimate the quantitative and qualitative importance of sleep and to identify influencing factors. Efficient and individualised solutions are likely needed.

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Exercise, Neuroplasticity, and Growth Factors in Adolescence

Cited by 20 publications

References 179 publications

Growth and Vascular Remodeling Factors during a Basketball Season in Adolescent Boys

Growth and Vascular Remodeling Factors during a Basketball Season in Adolescent Boys

High self-perceived exercise exertion before bedtime is associated with greater objectively assessed sleep efficiency

Stress, Sleep and Recovery in Elite Soccer: A Critical Review of the Literature

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