Exercise, oxidative stress and hormesis

Radák, Zsolt; Chung, Hae Young; Koltai, Erika; Taylor, Albert W.; Goto, Sataro

doi:10.1016/j.arr.2007.04.004

Cited by 497 publications

(274 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…2l) and overall risk of CVD [39]. The lasting impact or memory of the biological molecular modeling induced by EX is, therefore, reflected by the overexpression of stress resistance pathways [40,[56][57][58] and might explain the better outcome in EX mice.…”

Section: Ex Facilitates Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postnatal exposure to voluntary exercise but not the antioxidant catechin protects the vasculature after a switch to an atherogenic environment in middle-age mice

Leblond

Nguyen

Bolduc

et al. 2013

Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol

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We aimed to evaluate the lasting functional imprinting of exercise (EX) and catechin (CAT) on the vascular function of middle-age mice switched to a proatherogenic environment. C57BL/6J mice (n=10-15 in each group) fed a regular diet (RD) were exposed from the age of 1 to 9 months either to EX (voluntary running; 2.7± 0.2 km/day), to the polyphenol CAT (30 mg/kg/day in drinking water), or to physical inactivity (PI). At 9 months of age, EX and CAT were stopped and mice either remained on the RD or were fed a Western diet (WD) for an additional 3 months. At 12 months of age, mice from all groups fed a WD had similar body mass, systolic blood pressure, and plasma total cholesterol, glucose, insulin, and isoprostane. Compared to the RD, the WD induced an indomethacin-sensitive aortic endothelium-dependent and independent dysfunction in PI mice (p<0.05) that was prevented by both EX and CAT; this benefit was associated with a higher (p< 0.05) non-nitric oxide/non-prostacyclin endothelium-dependent relaxation. While EX, but not PI or CAT, prevented vascular dysfunction induced by the WD in cerebral arteries, it had no effect in femoral arteries. The profiles of activity of antioxidant enzymes and of proinflammatory gene expression in the aorta suggest a better adaptation of EX>CAT>PI mice to stress. In conclusion, our data suggest that a postnatal exposure to EX, but not to CAT, imprints an adaptive defense capacity in the vasculature against a deleterious change in lifestyle.Correspondence to: Eric Thorin.eric.thorin@umontreal.ca. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article

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Section: Ex Facilitates Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postnatal exposure to voluntary exercise but not the antioxidant catechin protects the vasculature after a switch to an atherogenic environment in middle-age mice

Leblond

Nguyen

Bolduc

et al. 2013

Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol

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“…These considerations suggest that nervous systems were shaped through evolution so as to respond to stress in ways that increase the resistance of the organism to more severe stress (i.e., hormesis). Such neurohormetic mechanisms are believed to be responsible for the well-known health benefits of exercise, dietary energy restriction, and intellectual and social engagement (Mattson et al, 2004a;Martin et al, 2006;Gomez-Pinilla, 2007;Radak et al, 2007). The nonlinear nature of the effects of many environmental stresses on survival is therefore a consequence of the evolutionary process (Parsons, 2003).…”

Section: Why Is Hormesis So Common? An Evolutionary Perspective On Nementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both the peripheral and central nervous systems control the complex body movements involved in exercise, and also regulate the dynamic changes that occur during exercise in the cardiovascular, hepatic, renal, and other organ systems. The beneficial effects of regular moderate exercise on skeletal and cardiovascular systems provide a prototypical example of hormesis (Michaelides et al, 2003;Radak et al, 2007). During exercise, skeletal and cardiac muscle cells are subjected to considerable oxidative (superoxide and hydroxyl radical production), metabolic (increased ATP and NAD + consumption), and ionic (sodium and calcium influx) stress.…”

Section: Physical and Mental Exercise And Neurohormesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness of Hormesis Will Enhance Future Research in Basic and Applied Neuroscience

Mattson

2008

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

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Hormesis is defined operationally as responses of cells or organisms to an exogenous or intrinsic factor (chemical, temperature, psychological challenge, etc.) in which the factor induces stimulatory or beneficial effects at low doses and inhibitory or adverse effects at high doses. The compendium of articles by Calabrese entitled "Neuroscience and Hormesis" provides a broad range of examples of neurobiological processes and responses to environmental factors that exhibit biphasic dose responses, the signature of hormesis. Nerve cell networks are the "first responders" to environmental challenges-they perceive the challenge and orchestrate coordinated adaptive responses that typically involve autonomic, neuroendocrine, and behavioral changes. In addition to direct adaptive responses of neurons to environmental stressors, cells subjected to a stressor produce and release molecules such as growth factors, cytokines, and hormones that alert adjacent and even distant cells to impending danger. The discoveries that some molecules (e.g., carbon monoxide and nitric oxide) and elements (e.g., selenium and iron) that are toxic at high doses play fundamental roles in cellular signaling or metabolism suggest that during evolution, organisms (and their nervous systems) coopted environmental toxins and used them to their advantage. Neurons also respond adaptively to everyday stressors, including physical exercise, cognitive challenges, and dietary energy restriction, each of which activates pathways linked to the production of neurotrophic factors and cellular stress resistance proteins. The development of interventions that activate hormetic signaling pathways in neurons is a promising new approach for the preventation and treatment of a range of neurological disorders. COMMENTARY ON NEUROSCIENCE AND HORMESISThe biphasic nature of responses to neurotransmitters, neurotrophic factors, cytokines, drugs of abuse, and treatments for a range of neurological disorders is underappreciated and often ignored in basic and applied neuroscience research. Calabrese demonstrates a broad understanding of basic principles of neuroscience, to which he applies his expertise in toxicology and hormesis to catalog hundreds of examples of "toxins," pharmacological agents, intrinsic signaling molecules, and behavioral factors that exhibit biphasic dose responses. The focus throughout the series of articles in "Neuroscience and Hormesis" is on the results of cell culture and in vivo experiments in which the effects of increasing doses of exogenous agents (toxins, neurotransmitters, peptide, hormones, drugs of abuse, etc.) on neuronal survival or plasticity or on animal behavior has been investigated. Calabrese aptly explores the existence of hormesis in most of the major areas of the field of neuroscience, ranging from developmental mechanisms (cell survival and neurite outgrowth) to synaptic plasticity to behavior to

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“…Phenomenon that low dose of stressor has beneficial effects on cell, leads to increased stress resistance and promotes longevity is hormesis (Masoro 1998a,b;Radak et al 2008;Le Bourg 2009;Marques et al 2009). So far, it has been shown that applying low doses of stressor that has toxic effect at high doses induce adaptive response in different organisms, such as prokaryotes, yeasts, plants, intervertebrates and mammals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of caloric restriction on oxidative stress parameters

Stanković

Mladenović²,

Ninković³

et al. 2013

gpb

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Abstract. Moderate caloric restriction prolongs lifespan. Changes in oxidative stress and hormesis may be involved in this process. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of different levels of chronic caloric restriction (CR) and acute fasting on stress response and oxidative stress parameters in rat liver and plasma. Forty-two rats were divided into groups: control group, calorie-restricted groups with intake of 80-90%, 60-70%, 40-50%, 20-30% of daily caloric needs and acute fasting group. To determine alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, concentration of corticosterone, nitrites and nitrates (NO x ), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH), liver samples and blood were collected. Increase in plasma corticosterone concentration and AST and ALT activity was found in severe CR. Ingestion 40-50% daily caloric needs or less increased liver MDA and NO x concentration and decreased SOD activity. Ingestion 60-70% daily caloric needs increased Mn-SOD activity, GSH and NO x . In acute fasting group and group taking 20-30% daily caloric needs, GSH was significantly lower than in control group. Severe CR and acute fasting increase oxidative damage and decrease antioxidative capacity of hepatocytes. Moderate CR increases antioxidative capacity of hepatocytes due to increase in Mn-SOD activity and GSH concentration, which might have a role in anti-aging and hormetic mechanism of CR.

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Exercise, oxidative stress and hormesis

Cited by 497 publications

References 88 publications

Postnatal exposure to voluntary exercise but not the antioxidant catechin protects the vasculature after a switch to an atherogenic environment in middle-age mice

Postnatal exposure to voluntary exercise but not the antioxidant catechin protects the vasculature after a switch to an atherogenic environment in middle-age mice

Awareness of Hormesis Will Enhance Future Research in Basic and Applied Neuroscience

Effects of caloric restriction on oxidative stress parameters

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