Exercise program for the management of anxiety and depression in adults and elderly subjects: Is it applicable to patients with post-covid-19 condition? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Aerobic training effect on mental health and biological indicators in Post-COVID-19 patients

“…Ahmed et al (2021), found a 42% improvement in mental health indicators from a physical exercise program in patients who needed ventilator and a 39% improvement in patients who did not use a ventilator. However, regardless of the severity of the disease, physical exercise has a positive effect on mental health; where a low but significant effect size of physical exercise on the reduction of depression and anxiety symptoms in healthy adults with a non-communicable disease has already been observed in randomized controlled trials (Piva et al, 2023). Regarding the effect in post-COVID-19 patients, Ahmadi-Hekmatikar, Ferreira-Júnior, Shahrbanian, & Suzuki (2022), conducted a systematic review in 2022 and analyzed seven studies where concurrent training (aerobic and resistance training) was applied in post-COVID-19 patients, observing among the main changes an improvement in quality of life and reduction of anxiety and stress levels (Ahmadi-Hekmatikar et al, 2022).…”

“…During the pandemic, efforts were made to develop physical intervention strategies through the use of mobile applications; without necessarily observing effects on indicators such as body composition (Colmenero, Zazueta-Beltrán, and Felipe Reynoso-Sánchez, 2023), so that supervised and monitored intervention strategies in controlled environments and in person are necessary, which is crucial due to the adverse effects of confinement, particularly on biological and body composition indicators. For this reason, once the pandemic is over, special emphasis should be placed on the effects, since high rates of long-term psychiatric morbidity are estimated (Piva, Masotti, Raisi, Zerbini, Grazzi, Mazzoni et al, 2023), so it is necessary to offer viable alternatives to the population to mitigate the mental sequelae and offer viable treatments for secondary symptoms of anxiety and depression in people who had the post-Covid-19 condition. This is why the present investigation sought to provide safe alternatives in relation to the doseresponse of exercise in a short period of time, taking into account the possible sequelae derived from COVID-19 with the intention of presenting physical exercise as a valuable tool to improve symptoms related to physical health, depression and anxiety and thereby promote an active lifestyle derived from the end of the pandemic.…”

Global trends and future prospects of COVID-19 and physical activity: Bibliometric analysis

“…One of the systematic studies on adults and the elderly found that supervised exercise had an effect on anxiety and depression levels in individuals with chronic diseases. [ 81 ] Another randomized study looking at the effects of a telehealth exercise program on pain, sleep and depression in women with fibromyalgia pain during the pandemic found that exercise was effective in both the control and experimental groups, but the experimental group had higher scores. [ 82 ] In an experimental study in which subjects were subjected to 12 weeks of resistance and aerobic exercise, it was reported that the depression levels of the subjects decreased significantly compared to the baseline.…”

Qigong, obesity, and immunity dynamics and its application to long COVID-19 syndrome

“…51 Although its impact on body composition remains in question, there may also be associated Qigong associated glucose regulation improvements and quite rapid health indicators of blood pressure and mood that have a bearing on the presence of one or more post COVID symptoms and their intensity and duration, as well as having positive impacts on inflammation, immune function, plus obesity, that warrant consideration and more study. [52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59]60 However, to more ably demonstrate the specific benefits of Qigong relative to other forms of physical activity participation as far as improving weight status and overall health and protection in general in the case of the older overweight adult who is at high relative risk of acquiring COVID-19 and/or prolonged post-COVID symptoms, more careful long term well-designed research is strongly indicated.…”