Exercise Rehabilitation and Chronic Respiratory Diseases: Effects, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Benefits

Abstract

Chronic respiratory diseases (CRD), is a group of disorders, primarily chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma, which are characterized by high prevalence and disability, recurrent acute exacerbations, and multiple comorbidities, resulting in exercise limitations and reduced health-related quality of life. Exercise training, an important tool in pulmonary rehabilitation, reduces adverse symptoms in patients by relieving respiratory limitations, increasing gas exchange, increasing central and peripheral hemodynamic forces, and enhancing skeletal muscle function. Aerobic, resistance, and high-intensity intermittent exercises, and other emerging forms such as aquatic exercise and Tai Chi effectively improve exercise capacity, physical fitness, and pulmonary function in patients with CRD. The underlying mechanisms include enhancement of the body's immune response, better control of the inflammatory response, and acceleration of the interaction between the vagus and sympathetic nerves to improve gas exchange. Here, we reviewed the new evidence of benefits and mechanisms of exercise intervention in the pulmonary rehabilitation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchial asthma, bronchiectasis, interstitial lung disease, and lung cancer.

Dietary Beetroot Juice – Effects in Patients with COPD: A Review

“… 54 , 55 Studies have indicated that regular exercise training can ameliorate symptoms of dyspnea and exercise tolerance in patients with COPD. 56 Given that beetroot juice, which is rich in nitrates, has been observed to enhance the exercise capacity of healthy individuals, a number of studies have focused on whether beetroot juice can serve as a dietary therapeutic agent to improve exercise performance and symptoms in patients with COPD. 57 Research by Berry et al found that acute intake of NO3 – rich beetroot juice could prolong the time-to-exhaustion during submaximal constant work rate exercise in patients with COPD without increasing their oxygen consumption.…”

Treadmill training improves lung function and inhibits alveolar cell apoptosis in spinal cord injured rats

“…Exercise training is a widely employed rehabilitation strategy in clinical settings for various conditions, including neurological, musculoskeletal, and respiratory disorders. Current evidence suggests exercise training positively influences pulmonary function in patients with respiratory conditions 11 . For instance, exercise training can enhance cardiorespiratory and motor function in pulmonary fibrosis patients 12 .…”

Association between dietary antioxidant intakes and chronic respiratory diseases in adults

“… 5 , 6 , 7 Additionally, lifestyle factors like physical inactivity and poor nutrition contribute to the severity of CRDs. 8 , 9 , 10 Epidemiological research suggests that dietary variables, such as antioxidants, may play a vital role in the prevention and management of CRDs. 11 , 12 …”