Exercise thallium-201 scintigraphy in dogs: effects of long-term coronary occlusion and collateral development on early and late scintigraphic images.

Abstract

To examine the effects of coronary collateral development on thallium-201 (201T1) distribution the left circumflex coronary artery was ligated in eight dogs. Three days later these animals ran on a treadmill, and 201-thallous chloride was injected into the right atrium at peak exercise. Scintigraphic scanning was begun within 10 min and continued for 3 hr. Scanning was repeated weekly for 6 weeks. In the last week radioactive microspheres were injected into the left atrium at peak exercise to measure regional myocardial blood flow. The scintigraphically determined disparity between perfusion of the ischemic and normal myocardium was most marked at 3 days after ligation. This difference gradually lessened over the first 4 weeks until there was no difference in 2017T1 distribution to normally perfused myocardium and tissue distal to the ligation. Concomitant with the improvement in the scintigrams, exercise hemodynamics also improved over this 4 week period with significant increases in cardiac output and decreases in left atrial pressure. Serial coronary angiographic studies in two animals demonstrated the appearance of collaterals in the initial weeks after coronary occlusion, and by 4 weeks the left circumflex artery distal to the obstruction was completely opacified by collateral flow. The ratio of directly measured exercise blood flow to the left circumflex and normally perfused tissues was 0.89 0.08 at 6 weeks after ligation. Scintigraphic 20'Tl redistribution after 3 hr also changed over the weeks after ligation. Three days after ligation washout from the ischemic area was significantly slower than that from the normal myocardium.