2023
DOI: 10.1007/s00198-023-06682-1
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Exercise training and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of intervention studies with emphasis on potential moderators

Abstract: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was (1) to determine exercise effects on bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women and (2) to address the corresponding implication of bone and menopausal status or supervision in postmenopausal women. A comprehensive search of eight electronic databases according to the PRISMA statement up to August 9, 2022, included controlled exercise trials ≥ 6 months. BMD changes (standardized mean differences: SMD) at the lumbar spine (LS), femoral neck (FN), a… Show more

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Cited by 22 publications
(16 citation statements)
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“…Menopausal age (early vs. late postmenopausal) and bone status (normal BMD vs. osteopenia/osteoporosis), which vary widely between the studies ( Table 1 ), might be candidates that modulate exercise effects on bone ( Kemmler and Riedel, 1998 ; Kemmler, 1999 ). Having said that, two recent meta-analyses on exercise and BMD ( Shojaa et al, 2020 ; Mohebbi et al, 2023 ) did not report statistically significant differences between the categories. Reviewing the exercise characteristics of the included studies was a daunting task because many studies ( Table 2 ) did not completely or comprehensibly report their exercise protocols.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 96%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Menopausal age (early vs. late postmenopausal) and bone status (normal BMD vs. osteopenia/osteoporosis), which vary widely between the studies ( Table 1 ), might be candidates that modulate exercise effects on bone ( Kemmler and Riedel, 1998 ; Kemmler, 1999 ). Having said that, two recent meta-analyses on exercise and BMD ( Shojaa et al, 2020 ; Mohebbi et al, 2023 ) did not report statistically significant differences between the categories. Reviewing the exercise characteristics of the included studies was a daunting task because many studies ( Table 2 ) did not completely or comprehensibly report their exercise protocols.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 96%
“…7) Due to the remodeling issue ( Eriksen, 2010 ; Erben, 2015 ) discussed above, we include only studies with a minimum of 6 months intervention duration. 8) Due to the aspect that we observed relevant heterogeneity among the studies in a number of meta-analyses on training studies ( Hamilton et al, 2021 ; Mohebbi et al, 2023 ), we performed a random-effects meta-analysis and specifically chose the applied the inverse heterogeneity model (IVhet) ( Doi et al, 2015 ). This model is less prone to underestimating the statistical error and thus leads to confidence intervals that meet the specified coverage probability better.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…By consuming nutrients rich in calcium, vitamin D, and other important for bones, the strength of all bones in the body, including facial bones, can be enhanced [ 41 ]. In addition, actively engaging in weight-bearing resistance training is beneficial for improving bone density and strength, as well as for facial bones [ 42 ]. Secondly, security measures should be strengthened for high-risk workers, and policies should be formulated and implemented to provide them with a safe working environment.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…One may argue that this approach might not identify all eligible reports or studies. However, one should bear in mind that this study was conducted within the framework of the (German) National guideline of fracture prevention that is based on several systematic reviews and meta-analyses in the area of exercise and BMD (e.g., [ 4 , 11 , 12 , 42 ]). Using synergy effects between the searches and considering the close interaction between the researchers, we are very confident that all eligible studies have been included in the present work.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…An extraction form applied in former studies [ 4 , 11 , 12 ] that concentrated on exercise effects on BMD was used to include relevant data. One author (CF) extracted the study, participant, and intervention characteristics, and two other authors (WK and SvS) checked and confirmed the results.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%