Exercise Training Associated with Diet Improves Heart Rate Recovery and Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Activity in Obese Children

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to test the hypotheses that in obese children: 1) hypocaloric diet (D) improves both heart rate recovery at 1 min (Δ HRR1) cfter an exercise test, and cardiac autonomic nervous system activity (CANSA) in obese children; 2) Diet and exercise training (DET) combined leads to greater improvement in both Δ HRR1 after an exercise test and in CANSA, than D alone. Moreover, we examined the relationships among Δ HRR1, CANSA, cardiorespiratory fitness and anthropometric variables (AV) in obese children submitted to D and to DET. 33 obese children (10 ± 0.2 years; body mass index (BMI) >95 (th) percentile) were divided into 2 groups: D (n=15; BMI=31 ± 1 kg/m²)) and DET (n=18; 29 ± 1 kg/m²). All children performed a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test on a treadmill. The Δ HRR1 or LF/HF ratio (P>0.05). In contrast, the DET group showed increased peak VO₂ ( P=0.01) and improved Δ HRR1 (Δ HRR1=37.3 ± 2.6; P=0.01) and LF/HF ratio ( P=0.001). The DET group demonstrated significant relationships among Δ HRR1, peak VO₂ and CANSA (P<0.05). In conclusion, DET, in contrast to D, promoted improved ÄΔ HRR1 and CANSA in obese children, suggesting a positive influence of increased levels of cardiorespiratory fitness by exercise training on cardiac autonomic activity.

Effects of exercise on cardiac autonomic modulation in children: literature update

“…Finally, Prado et al (40) analyzed the relationship between heart rate recovery in one minute, ANS activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and anthropometric variables in obese children submitted to a hypocaloric diet in isolation and associated with training. The authors evaluated 33 children aged 8 to 12 years, divided into a hypocaloric diet group and a diet associated with exercise group.…”

Multidisciplinary programs for obesity treatment in Brazil: A systematic review

“…All interventions were monitored by a physical education professional or a physiotherapist 33 and involved a physical exercise program. The participation of a nutritionist in all 5 Fayh et al 8 Silva et al 9 Ackel-D'Elia et al 11 Bianchini et al 12 Campos et al 13 Campos et al 14 Caranti et al 15 Dâmaso et al 16 Farah et al 17 Fayh et al 18 Freitas et al 19 Gomes et al 20 Leite et al 21 Mello et al 22 Piano et al 23 Piano et al 24 Poeta et al 25 Prado et al 26 Prado et al 27 Ribeiro et al 28 Romeiro et al 29 Sanches et al 30 Sapienza et al 31 Silva et al 32 Silveira et al Table 2. Intervention overall results according to the main outcomes in participants aged less than 20 years.…”

“…Freitas et al 19 Gomes et al 20 Leite et al 21 Mello et al 22 Piano et al 23 Piano et al 24 Poeta et al 25 Prado et al 26 Prado et al 27 Ribeiro et al…”

“…Sanches et al 30 Sapienza et al 31 Silva et al 32 Silveira et al 33 ↓TBM;↓BMI ↓BF (%); 5,9,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17]19,[22][23][24]26,[30][31][32][33] , 19 articles reported the participation of a doctor 5,[11][12][13][14][15]17,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]30,31,33 , and only 1 reported the participation of a nurse 11 , and a physiologist 21 . Seventeen studies 5,[11][12][13][14][15]17,…”

Limiar anaeróbico ventilatório em adolescentes brasileiros de ambos os sexos

“…Assim, a importância de se conhecer a aptidão cardiorrespiratória de adolescentes está relacionada tanto à saúde, em que uma maior aptidão pode estar correlacionada a um menor perfil de risco cardiovascular (RODRIGUES et al, 2006(RODRIGUES et al, , 2007, como à prescrição de exercícios e ao efeito do treinamento (ROWLAND; DELANEY; SICONOLFI, 1987;WELSMAN, 1994;PRADO et al, 2009PRADO et al, , 2010.…”