Exercise Training Attenuates Obesity-Induced Skeletal Muscle Remodeling and Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptosis in the Skeletal Muscle

Heo, Jun‐Won; Yoo, Su-Zi; No, Mi‐Hyun; Park, Dong‐Ho; Kang, Ju‐Hee; Kim, Tae-Woon; Kim, Chang‐Ju; Seo, Dae Yun; Han, Jin; Yoon, Jin-Hwan; Jung, Su‐Jeen; Kwak, Hyo‐Bum

doi:10.3390/ijerph15102301

Cited by 33 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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Section: Implications Of Obesity For Aging Muscle Obesity and Musclementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Obesity is also characterized by the induction of skeletal muscle remodeling as well as mitochondria-mediated apoptosis (115). On the contrary, exercise has been reported as a positive regulator of skeletal muscle remodeling and apoptosis, however, as aforementioned, obese individuals typically present with low levels of physical activity (115). Interestingly, it has been suggested that the impaired function of mitochondria with obesity may be triggered by altering the expression of mitochondrial proteins regulating key metabolic processes in skeletal muscle likely due, in-part, to the subcellular localization of lipid droplets and a reduction in the amount of skeletal muscle perilipin 2 protein per intramyocellular lipid, particularly in type II muscle fibers (116,117).…”

Section: Implications Of Obesity For Aging Muscle Obesity and Musclementioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring the Impact of Obesity on Skeletal Muscle Function in Older Age

2020

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Sarcopenia is of important clinical relevance for loss of independence in older adults. The prevalence of obesity in combination with sarcopenia (“sarcopenic-obesity”) is increasing at a rapid rate. However, whilst the development of sarcopenia is understood to be multi-factorial and harmful to health, the role of obesity from a protective and damaging perspective on skeletal muscle in aging, is poorly understood. Specifically, the presence of obesity in older age may be accompanied by a greater volume of skeletal muscle mass in weight-bearing muscles compared with lean older individuals, despite impaired physical function and resistance to anabolic stimuli. Collectively, these findings support a potential paradox in which obesity may protect skeletal muscle mass in older age. One explanation for these paradoxical findings may be that the anabolic response to weight-bearing activity could be greater in obese vs. lean older individuals due to a larger mechanical stimulus, compensating for the heightened muscle anabolic resistance. However, it is likely that there is a complex interplay between muscle, adipose, and external influences in the aging process that are ultimately harmful to health in the long-term. This narrative briefly explores some of the potential mechanisms regulating changes in skeletal muscle mass and function in aging combined with obesity and the interplay with sarcopenia, with a particular focus on muscle morphology and the regulation of muscle proteostasis. In addition, whilst highly complex, we attempt to provide an updated summary for the role of obesity from a protective and damaging perspective on muscle mass and function in older age. We conclude with a brief discussion on treatment of sarcopenia and obesity and a summary of future directions for this research field.

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Section: Implications Of Obesity For Aging Muscle Obesity and Musclementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implications Of Obesity For Aging Muscle Obesity and Musclementioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Impact of Obesity on Skeletal Muscle Function in Older Age

2020

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“…The levels of mitochondrial fusion factors, mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) and porin, as well as citrate synthase activity, were lower in HF patients than those in age-matched healthy control subjects [ 91 ]. However, mitochondrial dysfunction may be partially normalized by exercise training in HF [ 83 , 92 ]. Our group showed that acute AET-induced upregulation of PGC-1

levels regulated the signaling pathway modulating mitochondrial biogenesis and protected muscles from oxidative stress, proteolysis, and inflammation [ 93 ].…”

Section: Effects Of Exercise On Hf-related Sarcopeniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise as a Therapeutic Strategy for Sarcopenia in Heart Failure: Insights into Underlying Mechanisms

Cho

Choi

Sajgalik

et al. 2020

Cells

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Sarcopenia, a syndrome commonly seen in elderly populations, is often characterized by a gradual loss of skeletal muscle, leading to the decline of muscle strength and physical performance. Growing evidence suggests that the prevalence of sarcopenia increases in patients with heart failure (HF), which is a dominant pathogenesis in the aging heart. HF causes diverse metabolic complications that may result in sarcopenia. Therefore, sarcopenia may act as a strong predictor of frailty, disability, and mortality associated with HF. Currently, standard treatments for slowing muscle loss in patients with HF are not available. Therefore, here, we review the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying sarcopenia in HF as well as current knowledge regarding the beneficial effects of exercise on sarcopenia in HF and related mechanisms, including hormonal changes, myostatin, oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, autophagy, the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and insulin resistance.

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“…Over Adipocytes in skeletal muscle tissue are leading to premature tissue aging (2,3). Obesity in adulthood is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated leading to reduced lower skeletal muscle mass and strength with potential implications for developing sarcopenic obesity increased health problems (4,(5)(6). We hypothesize that resveratrol treatment in male mice programmed by obesity-induced sarcopenia and aging-associated sarcopenia would prevent skeletal muscle atrophy and muscle mass decreases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Resveratrol attenuates high-fat diet-induced obesity and the aging-related sarcopenia mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle

Bai

Alizargar

2019

Preprint

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Running title: Resveratrol attenuates sarcopenic obesity. Abstract words:243The maximum word count of the main text (including the main text and figure legends, but not the title page, abstract, materials and methods section or reference list): 4222 AbstractSarcopenic obesity is a progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength with increases in adiposity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of resveratrol on obesity or sarcopenia to potential therapy risk for skeletal muscle declines in physical function. C57BL/6J male mice were fed either a high-fat diet for 4 weeks and resveratrol (low-, middle-, and high-dose) for 8 weeks to express the obesity effect. Samp8 mice sarcopenia skeletal muscle functional deterioration expressed an age-associated decline. Resveratrol (150 mg/Kg BW, daily) was administered by oral gavage two times a week one month of the experimental period. Exercise training based on adaptations in the muscle is training twice a week for 4 weeks. The skeletal muscles from mice in each group were analyzed by H&E staining, TUNEL and western blot analysis to determine mitochondrial function expression, apoptosis and relative fibrosis signaling. Results of the present study indicate that resveratrol in obesity skeletal muscle is linked to an increase in the expression of mitochondrial function involved in Bcl-2 and PI3K/AKT. On the other hand, resveratrol attenuates sarcopenia Samp8 mice, the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and mitochondrial function involved in Bad, caspase 3 and IL-6/ERK1. However, exercise training not find a significant difference in sarcopenia skeletal muscles SAMP8 mice. Exercise training didn't induce sarcopenia skeletal muscle hypertrophy in sarcopenic SAMP8 mice. Therefore, we suggest that resveratrol as a therapeutic potential in the combination of sarcopenia and obesity, the state called sarcopenic obesity.

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Exercise Training Attenuates Obesity-Induced Skeletal Muscle Remodeling and Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptosis in the Skeletal Muscle

Cited by 33 publications

References 41 publications

Exploring the Impact of Obesity on Skeletal Muscle Function in Older Age

Exploring the Impact of Obesity on Skeletal Muscle Function in Older Age

Exercise as a Therapeutic Strategy for Sarcopenia in Heart Failure: Insights into Underlying Mechanisms

Resveratrol attenuates high-fat diet-induced obesity and the aging-related sarcopenia mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle

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