Exercise Training Enhances Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation of Porcine Coronary Arteries Distal to Chronic Coronary Occlusion

Griffin, Kawanza L.; Mattox, M. L.; Larkin, Brian; Laughlin, M. H.; Parker, J

doi:10.1097/00024382-199906001-00195

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Increases in blood flow might alter receptor subtypes within the vasculature, change the amount or efficiency of vasoactive mediator release from endothelial cells, or modify the sensitivity of vascular smooth muscle cells to endothelium-derived factors. In other vascular beds in the pig, increased biosynthesis of nitric oxide has been clearly implicated in exercise- induced enhancement of endothelial function (11,18,30). Our data are the first to show that exercise training leads to endothelial adaptations in pulmonary arteries of pigs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Eight weeks after surgery, pigs were divided into sedentary (Sed) and exercise-trained (Ex) groups. Ex pigs were acclimated to a low-speed motorized treadmill (Quinton) to initiate an exercise training protocol of progressive intensity adapted from a treadmill training program formulated by Tipton et al (27) and used extensively by our laboratory (5,6,11,16,22,27,28,30). During the first week of training, pigs ran on the treadmill at 3 miles/h (mph) and 0% grade for 20-30 min followed by a 15-min sprint at 5 mph.…”

Section: Exercise Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The animals available for this study had been instrumented for use in a model of surgically induced coro- nary occlusion. This model has been well established for the study of coronary collateral development (2) and has been used to assess effects of exercise training (11). All animals developed coronary collaterals in response to ameroid occlusion but showed no signs of congestive heart failure, and pigs in the exercise group were able to complete a rigorous protocol of exercise training.…”

Section: Caveatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experiments were conducted on arteries isolated from pigs that had chronic occlusion of the left circumflex coronary artery. The coronary arteries of these pigs were used for other research projects (11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chronic exercise training improves ACh-induced vasorelaxation in pulmonary arteries of pigs

Johnson

Parker

Laughlin

2000

Journal of Applied Physiology

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We hypothesized that exercise training would lead to enhanced endothelium-dependent vasodilation in porcine pulmonary arteries. Pulmonary artery rings (2- to 3-mm OD) were obtained from female Yucatan miniature swine with surgically induced coronary artery occlusion (ameroid occluder). Exercise training was performed for 16 wk, and vasomotor responses were studied by using standard isometric techniques. Contractile responses to 80 mM KCl, isosmotic KCl (10-100 mM), and norepinephrine (10(-8) to 10(-4) M) did not differ between sedentary (Sed) and exercise-trained (Ex) pigs. Relaxation was assessed to endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasodilators after norepinephrine contraction. Pulmonary arteries of Ex pigs exhibited greater maximal relaxation to ACh (61.9 +/- 3.5%) than did those of Sed pigs (52.3 +/- 3.9%; P < 0.05). Endothelium-independent relaxation to sodium nitroprusside did not differ. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase significantly decreased acetylcholine-induced relaxation, with greater inhibition in arteries from Ex pigs (P < 0.05). Inhibition of cyclooxygenase enhanced relaxation to acetylcholine in arteries from Sed pigs. We conclude that exercise training enhances endothelium-dependent (ACh-mediated) vasorelaxation in pulmonary arteries by mechanisms of increased reliance on nitric oxide and reduced production of a prostanoid constrictor.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Exercise Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Caveatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chronic exercise training improves ACh-induced vasorelaxation in pulmonary arteries of pigs

Johnson

Parker

Laughlin

2000

Journal of Applied Physiology

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“…[49], проведенном на животных, было установлено, что улучшение цере-брального кровотока на фоне физической активности об-условлено увеличением экспрессии эндотелиальной NO-синтазы, приводящей к улучшению NO-зависимой вазо-дилатации. Кроме того, рассматриваются механизмы вли-яния физических тренировок на функцию головного моз-га, опосредованные простагландинами, циклооксигена-зой и эндотелиальным фактором гиперполяризации [50,51]. Предполагают, что физические тренировки, корриги-руя липидный профиль, снижая выраженность СВР, дис-функции эндотелия и оксидативного стресса, способны улучшать перфузию головного мозга, увеличивая цере-броваскулярный резерв, что, по-видимому, благоприятно влияет на когнитивные функции.…”

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Cognitive dysfunction after coronary artery bypass grafting

Argunova

Помешкина

Трубникова

2016

Z. nevrol. psikhiatr. im. S.S. Korsakova

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Targets identified from exercised heart: killing multiple birds with one stone

et al. 2021

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major cause of mortality worldwide, which are mainly driven by factors such as aging, sedentary lifestyle, and excess alcohol use. Exercise targets several molecules and protects hearts against many of these physiological and pathological stimuli. Accordingly, it is widely recognized as an effective therapeutic strategy for CVD. To investigate the molecular mechanism of exercise in cardiac protection, we identify and describe several crucial targets identified from exercised hearts. These targets include insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1)-phosphatidylinositol 3 phosphate kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT), transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ), cardiac microRNAs (miRNAs, miR-222 and miR-17-3p etc.), exosomal-miRNAs (miR-342, miR-29, etc.), Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), and nuclear factor erythroid 2‑related factor/metallothioneins (Nrf2/Mts). Targets identified from exercised hearts can alleviate injury via multiple avenues, including: (1) promoting cardiomyocyte proliferation; (2) facilitating cardiomyocyte growth and physiologic hypertrophy; (3) elevating the anti-apoptotic capacity of cardiomyocytes; (4) improving vascular endothelial function; (5) inhibiting pathological remodeling and fibrosis; (6) promoting extracellular vesicles (EVs) production and exosomal-molecules transfer. Exercise is one treatment (‘stone’), which is cardioprotective via multiple avenues (‘birds’), and is considered ‘killing multiple birds with one stone’ in this review. Further, we discuss the potential application of EV cargos in CVD treatment. We provide an outline of targets identified from the exercised heart and their mechanisms, as well as novel ideas for CVD treatment, which may provide novel direction for preclinical trials in cardiac rehabilitation.

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Exercise Training Enhances Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation of Porcine Coronary Arteries Distal to Chronic Coronary Occlusion

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Chronic exercise training improves ACh-induced vasorelaxation in pulmonary arteries of pigs

Chronic exercise training improves ACh-induced vasorelaxation in pulmonary arteries of pigs

Cognitive dysfunction after coronary artery bypass grafting

Targets identified from exercised heart: killing multiple birds with one stone

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