Exercise training in hypertension: Role of microRNAs

Neves, Vander José das; Fernandes, Tiago; Roque, Fernanda Roberta; Soci, Úrsula Paula Renó; Melo, Stéphano Freitas Soares; Oliveira, Edilamar Menezes de

doi:10.4330/wjc.v6.i8.713

Cited by 48 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 125 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…miRNAs emerged as important regulators of gene expression and are implicated in most, if not all, cellular processes and several diseases [13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,23,25,29]. miRNAs are able to target many genes with the possibility to modulate multiple pathways related to vascular remodeling and either can promote or inhibit structural changes of the vessel [17,18,19,20,30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fish et al [31] showed the loss of vascular integrity and hemorrhage during embryonic development by knockdown of miRNA-126. miRNA-126 targets sprouty-related protein 1 (SPRED1) and phosphoinositol-3 kinase regulatory subunit 2 (PI3KR2), which negatively regulates VEGF signaling via VEGF receptor (VEGFR) 2, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathways involved in angiogenesis [10,18,19,23,29,31]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Exercise Training Restores the Cardiac Microrna-16 Levels Preventing Microvascular Rarefaction in Obese Zucker Rats

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To evaluate the effects of aerobic exercise training (AET) on cardiac miRNA-16 levels and its target gene VEGF related to microvascular rarefaction in obese Zucker rats (OZR). Methods: OZR (n = 11) and lean (L; n = 10) male rats were assigned into 4 groups: OZR, trained OZR (OZRT), L and trained L (LT). Swimming exercise training lasted 60 min, 1×/day/10 weeks, with 4% body weight workload. Cardiac angiogenesis was assessed by histological analysis (periodic acid-Schiff) by calculating the capillary/fiber ratio. The protein expressions of VEGF, VEGFR2, and CD31 were evaluated by western blot. The expression of miRNA-16 was evaluated by real-time PCR. Results: Heart rate decreased in the trained groups compared to sedentary groups. The cardiac capillary/fiber ratio was reduced in OZR compared to L, LT and OZRT groups, indicating that aerobic exercise training (AET) was capable of reversing the microvascular rarefaction in the obese animals. miRNA-16 expression was increased in OZR compared to L, LT and OZRT. In contrast, its target, VEGF protein expression was 24% lower in OZR compared to L group, which has been normalized in OZRT group. VEGFR2 protein expression was increased in trained groups compared to their controls. CD31, a endothelial cells marker, showed increased expression in OZRT compared to OZR, indicating greater vascularization in OZRT group. Conclusion: AET induced cardiac angiogenesis in obese animals. This revascularization is associated with a decrease in miRNA-16 expression permissive for increased VEGF protein expression, suggesting a mechanism for potential therapeutic application in vascular diseases.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise Training Restores the Cardiac Microrna-16 Levels Preventing Microvascular Rarefaction in Obese Zucker Rats

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The miRNAs can associate with the 3’-untranslated regions of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) with imperfect base-pairing and negatively impact gene expression by mRNA degradation or inhibition of translation [85]. Several miRNAs have been implicated in hypertension-associated cardiac remodeling, and exercise training has been associated with reversal or prevention of the pathological cascade mediated by these miRNAs.…”

Section: Physical Activity and Cardiac Remodeling In The Hypertensivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several miRNAs have been implicated in hypertension-associated cardiac remodeling, and exercise training has been associated with reversal or prevention of the pathological cascade mediated by these miRNAs. Additional studies are needed to further understand these pathways and identify potential therapeutic targets [18,85–87]. …”

Section: Physical Activity and Cardiac Remodeling In The Hypertensivementioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Physical Activity on Hypertension and Cardiac Structure and Function

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The global burden of hypertension is rising and accounts for substantial morbidity and mortality. Lifestyle factors such as diet and physical inactivity contribute to this burden, further highlighting the need for prevention efforts to curb this public health epidemic. Regular physical activity is associated with lower blood pressure, reduced cardiovascular risk, and cardiac remodeling. While exercise and hypertension can both be associated with the development of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), the cardiac remodeling from hypertension is pathologic with an associated increase in myocyte hypertrophy, fibrosis, and risk of heart failure and mortality, whereas LVH in athletes is generally non-pathologic and lacks the fibrosis seen in hypertension. In hypertensive patients, physical activity has been associated with paradoxical regression or prevention of LVH, suggesting a mechanism by which exercise can benefit hypertensive patients. Further studies are needed to better understand the mechanisms underlying the benefits of physical activity in the hypertensive heart.

show abstract

“…miRNAs have been implicated in most diseases, either preserving physiological cell function or promoting pathological signaling and dysfunction. In cardiovascular diseases, major miRNAs have been thoroughly cataloged and analyzed; exciting miRNA targets have been found in atherosclerosis (70,90), heart failure (63), diabetes (88), and hypertension (91).…”

Section: Kruppel-like Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shear-Sensitive Genes in Aortic Valve Endothelium

Esmerats

Heath

2016

Antioxidants & Redox Signaling

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Significance: Currently, calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is only treatable through surgical intervention because the specific mechanisms leading to the disease remain unclear. In this review, we explore the forces and structure of the valve, as well as the mechanosensors and downstream signaling in the valve endothelium known to contribute to inflammation and valve dysfunction. Recent Advances: While the valvular structure enables adaptation to dynamic hemodynamic forces, these are impaired during CAVD, resulting in pathological systemic changes. Mechanosensing mechanisms-proteins, sugars, and membrane structures-at the surface of the valve endothelial cell relay mechanical signals to the nucleus. As a result, a large number of mechanosensitive genes are transcribed to alter cellular phenotype and, ultimately, induce inflammation and CAVD. Transforming growth factor-b signaling and Wnt/b-catenin have been widely studied in this context. Importantly, NADPH oxidase and reactive oxygen species/reactive nitrogen species signaling has increasingly been recognized to play a key role in the cellular response to mechanical stimuli. In addition, a number of valvular microRNAs are mechanosensitive and may regulate the progression of CAVD. Critical Issues: While numerous pathways have been described in the pathology of CAVD, no treatment options are available to avoid surgery for advanced stenosis and calcification of the aortic valve. More work must be focused on this issue to lead to successful therapies for the disease. Future Directions: Ultimately, a more complete understanding of the mechanisms within the aortic valve endothelium will lead us to future therapies important for treatment of CAVD without the risks involved with valve replacement or repair. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 25, 401-414.

show abstract

Exercise training in hypertension: Role of microRNAs

Cited by 48 publications

References 125 publications

Exercise Training Restores the Cardiac Microrna-16 Levels Preventing Microvascular Rarefaction in Obese Zucker Rats

Exercise Training Restores the Cardiac Microrna-16 Levels Preventing Microvascular Rarefaction in Obese Zucker Rats

Influence of Physical Activity on Hypertension and Cardiac Structure and Function

Shear-Sensitive Genes in Aortic Valve Endothelium

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About