Exercises in Hot and Humid Environment Caused Liver Injury in a Rat Model

Li, Dongliang; Wang, Xiao; Liu, Bang; Liu, YuZheng; Zeng, Zhiyu; Lu, Lingling; Zeng, Zheng; Li, Bing; Zheng, Zong-fu

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0111741

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…It has been proposed that changes in AP may exert stress on atherosclerotic plaques, resulting in plaque rupture [ 26 ]. A heat stroke rat model found tissue damage during exercise in hot and humid environments, that was related to inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis [ 27 ]. High humidity may also cause dehydration, which can increase thrombotic risk [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air Pressure, Humidity and Stroke Occurrence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cao

Wang

Zheng

et al. 2016

IJERPH

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Background/Aims: An influence of climate upon stroke risk is biologically plausible and supported by epidemiological evidence. We aimed to determine whether air pressure (AP) and humidity are associated with hospital stroke admission. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, and GEOBASE, from inception to 16 October 2015 to identify relevant population-based observational studies. Where possible, data were pooled for meta-analysis with odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) by means of the random-effect method. Results: We included 11 studies with a total of 314,385 patients. The effect of AP was varied across studies for ischemic stroke (IS) and subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). Pooled ORs (95%CI) associated with 1 hPa increase in AP for the risk of IS, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and SAH were 1.00 (0.99–1.01), 1.01 (0.99–1.02) and 1.02 (0.97–1.07) respectively. The pooled ORs (95%CI) associated with 1 percent increase in humidity for the risk of IS and ICH were 1.00 (1.00–1.01) and 1.00 (0.99–1.01) respectively. Conclusion: This review shows that there is no evidence of a relationship between AP or humidity and the occurrence of hospital admission for stroke. Further research is needed to clarify the extent and nature of any relationship between AP, humidity and stroke in different geographical areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air Pressure, Humidity and Stroke Occurrence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cao

Wang

Zheng

et al. 2016

IJERPH

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“…Recently the detrimental effects of exercise have been reported in rat models [31,32]. Li et al [31] reported that rats which had exercise training only for 5 days showed oxidative stress-induced liver damage when the rats were forced to run in a treadmill for 1 hour at 13 m/min until exhaustion. Ramos et al [32] also reported that an exposure of rats to single bout of swimming exercise causes elevation of plasma liver enzymes and oxidative stress biomarkers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise Attenuates Ischemia-reperfusion Injury of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver in OLETF Rat

Shibamoto¹,

Kuda²,

Tanida³

et al. 2015

JGPLD

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been proposed to minimize the disadvantage of steatotic livers. These strategies may comprise donor weight loss through exercise, diet and modified food, employing drug therapy, heat shock preconditioning, ischemia preconditioning, selective anesthesia on donors and the treatment on isolated grafts during preservation [8]. In this respect, exercise training and increasing physical activity have been shown to attenuate fatty liver of animal models [9,10]. Furthermore, physical exercise combined with an anti-hyperlipidaemia drug successfully reduced macrosteatosis of obese human living donors [11].However, there is no animal experimental study, which determines whether exercise per se improves the IR injury of steatotic livers of obesity. Therefore, we determined the effects of exercise on IR injury of fatty livers from hyperphagic Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats, an established animal model of obesity and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) [12]. The OLETF rats have a mutated and functionally inoperative cholecystokinin-1 receptor [13], which leads to hyperphagia, resulting in obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver [14]. Materials and Methods AnimalsMale OLETF rats (105±2 g, n=21) and non-hyperphagic, Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats, as control group rats (91±1 g, n=21) of 5 week old were purchased from Japan SLC (Shizuoka, Japan). OLETF rats are models of metabolic syndrome and obesity due to hyperphagia and are deficient in the cholecystokinin (CCK-A) receptor gene [12]. All rats were maintained at 23°C and under pathogen-free conditions on a 12:12-hour dark/light cycle and allowed food and water ad libitum. The present experiments were approved by the Animal Research Committee of Kanazawa Medical University. Exercise trainingTreadmill training began at the age of 16 week old in OLETF (n=7) and LETO (n=7) rats, following familiarization of the rats with the apparatus for 4 days by placing them on the motordriven treadmill (KN-73, Natsume, Tokyo, Japan). Exercise Abstract Background: Steatotic livers are increasingly used for liver transplantation and the strategy to minimize its disadvantage is required. We determined whether exercise could protect liver against ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in the anesthetized hyperphagic, Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rat, an animal model of the metabolic syndrome. Methods:At 16 th week of age, male OLETF rats (n=7/group) were randomized to the groups of sedentary (OLETF-SED)-IR, exercise (OLETF-EX)-IR, and OLETF-non IR. Non-hyperphagic, control strain Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats were similarly assigned. Rats in the exercise groups were subjected to treadmill running 6 days a week for 5 weeks. Rats were anesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarbital and subjected to partial liver ischemia (70%) for 30 min and subsequent reperfusion for 120 min. IR injury was evaluated by plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT)concentration, bile flow rate, liver histopathology, and hepatic microcirculation of the left lateral lobe ana...

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“…Physiological functions of important tissues are affected by long-term, high-intensity exercise that may exceed the body's endurance 7 . Several clinical biochemical parameters considered biomarkers for evaluating physiological functions or status after exercise or training include aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine kinase (CK) 8 , 9 . The metabolic index, such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN), can be used to evaluate the metabolic status, and biomarkers, including blood urea nitrogen (BUN), LDH, CK, AST, and ALT, can also be applied to assess physiological fatigue and recovery 10 , 11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whey Protein Improves Marathon-Induced Injury and Exercise Performance in Elite Track Runners

Huang¹,

Chang²,

Hsu³

et al. 2017

Int. J. Med. Sci.

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Whey protein has been widely applied to athletes and the fitness field for muscle growth and performance improvement. Limited studies focused on the beneficial effects of whey on aerobic exercise according to biochemical assessments. In the current study, 12 elite male track runners were randomly assigned to whey and maltodextrin groups for 5 weeks' supplementation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of whey protein on physiological adaptions and exercise performance. During this period, three time points (pre-, post-, and end-test) were used to evaluate related biochemical parameters, body composition, and performance. The post-test was set 1 day after a marathon for injury status evaluation and the end-test was also assessed after 1-week recovery from endurance test. The results showed that the whey group exhibited significantly lower aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase indicators after the marathon (post-test), as well as at the end-test (p<0.016). The endurance performance in twelve-minute walk/run was also significantly elevated (p<0.012) possibly due to an increase in the muscle mass and amelioration of exercise injuries. In the current study, we demonstrated that whey protein can also be used for aerobic exercise for better physiological adaptation, in addition to resistance training. Whey protein could be also a potential nutrient supplement with a variety of benefits for amateur runners.

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Exercises in Hot and Humid Environment Caused Liver Injury in a Rat Model

Cited by 23 publications

References 26 publications

Air Pressure, Humidity and Stroke Occurrence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Air Pressure, Humidity and Stroke Occurrence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Exercise Attenuates Ischemia-reperfusion Injury of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver in OLETF Rat

Whey Protein Improves Marathon-Induced Injury and Exercise Performance in Elite Track Runners

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