Exergy analysis of the life cycle of steel

Michaelis, Peter; Jackson, Tim; Clift, Roland

doi:10.1016/s0360-5442(97)00081-9

Cited by 60 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Costa et al [9] and Michaelis et al [10] carried out exergy analyses for different steel production routes (conventional integrated, semi-integrated and new integrated with smelt reduction). The exergy consumption, exergy losses and exergy efficiencies of every subsystem and overall plant were calculated and compared.…”

Section: General State Of Rureh In the World Iron And Steel Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic optimization opportunities for the recovery and utilization of residual energy and heat in China's iron and steel industry: A case study

Chen

Yang

Shen

et al. 2015

Applied Thermal Engineering

110

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Section: General State Of Rureh In the World Iron And Steel Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic optimization opportunities for the recovery and utilization of residual energy and heat in China's iron and steel industry: A case study

Chen

Yang

Shen

et al. 2015

Applied Thermal Engineering

110

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“…All the methods generally fall into two groups (Goedkoop andSpriensma, 2001, Finnveden et al, 2009), i.e. the methods based on measurement of available resources and extraction rates and the methods based on exergy consumption and entropy production (Michaelis et al, 1998). …”

Section: Lca Of Light-weight Eco-compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Light-Weight Eco-composites

Guo¹

2012

Springer Theses

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LCA of Light-weight Eco-composites Statement of originality 2 Statement of originalityI hereby declare that this submission is my own work and to the best of my knowledge it contains no materials previously published or written by another person.Contributions made to the research of this thesis by others, with whom I have worked with are explicitly acknowledged. I also declare that the intellectual content of this thesis is the product of my own work, except to the extent that assistance from others with data collection and modification of process-oriented model DNDC is acknowledged. Miao GuoSep 2010 LCA of Light-weight Eco-compositesAbstract 3 AbstractThe environmental profiles of novel wheat based foam materials were investigated in this thesis using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methods. The LCAs were developed using primary data collected from industrial sources combined with new laboratory experiments supplemented with secondary data from publicly available sources.Laboratory research was conducted to obtain important missing data on WBFs for the LCA modelling, including physico-chemical parameters, biodegradability and energy recovery under anaerobic digestion conditions.Contribution analysis suggested that the emissions evolved from the wheat agroecosystem and PVOH production, together with the energy and infrastructure involved in WBF production were the major contributors to the environmental burdens of the WBF life cycle in most impact categories. The atmospheric emissions resulting from WBF degradation at the end-of-life also emerged as another important contributor to environmental impact. Amongst the diverse ‗end-of-life' scenarios examined, AD and home composting were suggested to be the optimum choices for WBF waste treatment. This research discusses two N 2 O modelling approaches and presents a method to expand the system boundary by integrating the process-oriented model DNDC for field emissions into the LCA. Sensitivity analysis suggests that the environmental profiles of agricultural products are influenced substantially by the system boundary definition. LCA of Light-weight Eco-compositesAbstract 4 Furthermore, it suggests that the ‗general rule' in LCA practice by applying an empirical model or a default emission factor (EF) could deliver unreliable LCA findings.This study also evaluated the sensitivity of the LCA results to methodology and data variations and quantified the uncertainties in the LCA outcomes arising from uncertainty in the inventory and data variability. This has led to an increase in confidence in the LCA findings. At the same time it indicates the areas where improvements in data or methods are needed in order for robust conclusions to be drawn and unbiased information to be delivered e.g. the methodological rigidity of characterization models, the IPCC Tier 1 EF uncertainty range. LCA of Light-weight Eco-compositesAcknowledgements 5

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“…Dimensions of regional components in A*, and data sources. n r denotes the number of industries, m r commodities, and f r fuels production conditions, except for beef cattle grazing and forestry, where CO 2 emissions from land use changes were excluded, and except for electricity generation, aluminium, basic iron and steel manufacturing, for which world-average energy and CO 2 intensities were derived from previous studies (Worrell et al, 1997;Michaelis et al, 1998;Wenzel et al, 1999;Lenzen & Dey, 2000;World Bureau of Metal Statistics, 2001). Fourth, the make and use data of countries were not re-classified into a common commodity scheme, since this would have resulted in a considerable loss of detail.…”

Section: Data Sources and Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO₂Multipliers in Multi-region Input-Output Models

Lenzen

Pade

Munksgaard

2004

Economic Systems Research

375

206

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A In order to achieve equitable reduction targets, international trade has to be taken into account when assessing nations' responsibility for abating climate change. Especially for open economies such as Denmark, greenhouse gases embodied in internationally traded commodities can have a considerable influence on the national 'greenhouse gas responsibility'. We set up a five-region input-output model including Denmark, Germany, Sweden and Norway in order to calculate CO 2 multipliers and trade balances. We investigate multidirectional feedback between these countries, and hence the error inherent in a single-region input-output model. We also examine the effect of aggregation on the model results. In the case of Denmark, an 11 Mt CO 2 trade surplus resulting from a single-region model turns into balance when multidirectional trade is considered. Moreover, aggregated models are likely to result in significant errors. Therefore, both the type and the degree of aggregation used for modelling CO 2 responsibilities could have a major bearing in international negotiations.

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Exergy analysis of the life cycle of steel

Cited by 60 publications

References 7 publications

Thermodynamic optimization opportunities for the recovery and utilization of residual energy and heat in China's iron and steel industry: A case study

Thermodynamic optimization opportunities for the recovery and utilization of residual energy and heat in China's iron and steel industry: A case study

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Light-Weight Eco-composites

CO₂Multipliers in Multi-region Input-Output Models

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Exergy analysis of the life cycle of steel

Cited by 60 publications

References 7 publications

Thermodynamic optimization opportunities for the recovery and utilization of residual energy and heat in China's iron and steel industry: A case study

Thermodynamic optimization opportunities for the recovery and utilization of residual energy and heat in China's iron and steel industry: A case study

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Light-Weight Eco-composites

CO2Multipliers in Multi-region Input-Output Models

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

CO₂Multipliers in Multi-region Input-Output Models