WOMEN suffering from attacks of frequency and painful micturition, sometimes referred to as the urethral syndrome, comprise a considerable proportion of a urologist's work-load. In the Department of Urology at Southmead Hospital (Bristol) nearly 3,000 new patients were seen over a 2-year period, of whom 928 were female and of these no less than 719 were females presenting with the urethral syndrome ( Table I). As part of an overall investigation into this syndrome many factors were considered including the age at which these women first experienced their symptoms. This was found to cover a wide range but if chronological age were converted Surgeons, 1971.