¿Existe transmisión materno-fetal del SARS-CoV-2 durante la gestación?

Elósegui, Jesús Joaquín Hijona; García, Antonio Luis Carballo; Rísquez, Ana Cristina Fernández; Quintana, Manuel; Montes, Jaime

doi:10.1016/j.rce.2020.06.001

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In one study, the presence of SARS-CoV-2 was investigated in vaginal discharge and amniotic fluid in four pregnant women with mild acute symptoms of COVID-19 who underwent amniocentesis during the second trimester of pregnancy [ 72 ]. In addition, in another study, a case of vaginal delivery without complications was described in a mother with COVID-19 [ 47 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Coronavirus Infections and Neonates Born to Mothers with SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review

et al. 2020

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is continuously affecting the lives of all people. Understanding the impact of COVID-19 on pregnancy in terms of morbidity, mortality, and perinatal maternal and fetal outcomes is essential to propose strategies for prevention and infection control. Here, we conducted a systematic review to investigate pregnant women infected with COVID-19 in terms of signs and symptoms, type of delivery, comorbidities, maternal and neonatal outcomes, and the possibility of vertical transmission. A search on Embase and PubMed databases was performed on 31 October 2020. Observational studies and case reports on pregnant women infected with COVID-19 were included without language restrictions. The 70 selected studies included a total of 1457 pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 in the first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy. The most common signs and symptoms were fever, cough, and nausea. The most frequent comorbidities were obesity, hypertensive disorders, and gestational diabetes. Among maternal and fetal outcomes, premature birth (n = 64), maternal death (n = 15), intrauterine fetal death or neonatal death (n = 16), cases of intrauterine fetal distress (n = 28), miscarriage (n = 7), decreased fetal movements (n = 19), and severe neonatal asphyxia (n = 5) were the most frequent. Thirty-nine newborns tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA was detected in the placenta (n = 13) and breast milk (n = 6). This review indicates that COVID-19 during pregnancy can result in maternal, fetal, and neonatal complications. In addition, SARS-CoV-2 viral exposure of neonates during pregnancy and delivery cannot be ruled out. Thus, we highlight the need for long-term follow-up of newborns from mothers diagnosed with COVID-19 to establish the full implications of SARS-CoV-2 infection in these children.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Coronavirus Infections and Neonates Born to Mothers with SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review

et al. 2020

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“…5 Initial reports from China, where the COVID-19 infection had begun, showed that pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 were not transmitting the virus to their neonates, [6][7][8][9][10] but concern remained for the potential of vertical infection. [11][12][13][14] As the COVID-19 pandemic spread to other countries and large numbers of pregnant women became infected, there were reports of neonates having positive testing for SARS-CoV-2 occurring after delivery, raising the specter that vertical transmission might be occurring. [15][16][17][18] Placental pathology criteria 19 were developed for the diagnosis of intrauterine transplacental transmission in infected maternal-fetal dyads that utilized molecular pathology methods for identifying SARS-CoV-2 in fetal cells of the placenta.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hofbauer Cells and COVID-19 in Pregnancy

Schwartz

Baldewijns

Benachi

et al. 2021

Archives of Pathology &Amp; Laboratory Medicine

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Context.– Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can undergo maternal-fetal transmission, heightening interest in the placental pathology findings from this infection. Transplacental SARS-CoV-2 transmission is typically accompanied by chronic histiocytic intervillositis together with necrosis and positivity of syncytiotrophoblast for SARSCoV-2. Hofbauer cells are placental macrophages that have been involved in viral diseases including HIV and Zika virus, but their involvement in SARS-CoV-2 in unknown. Objective.– To determine whether SARS-CoV-2 can extend beyond the syncytiotrophoblast to enter Hofbauer cells, endothelium and other villous stromal cells in infected placentas of liveborn and stillborn infants. Design.– Case-based retrospective analysis by 29 perinatal and molecular pathology specialists of placental findings from a preselected cohort of 22 SARS-CoV-2-infected placentas delivered to pregnant women testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 from 7 countries. Molecular pathology methods were used to investigate viral involvement of Hofbauer cells, villous capillary endothelium, syncytiotrophoblast and other fetal-derived cells. Results.– Chronic histiocytic intervillositis and trophoblast necrosis was present in all 22 placentas (100%). SARS-CoV-2 was identified in Hofbauer cells from 4/22 placentas (18%). Villous capillary endothelial staining was positive in 2/22 cases (9%), both of which also had viral positivity in Hofbauer cells. Syncytiotrophoblast staining occurred in 21/22 placentas (95%). Hofbauer cell hyperplasia was present in 3/22 placentas (14%). In the 7 cases having documented transplacental infection of the fetus, 2 occurred in placentas with Hofbauer cell staining positive for SARS-CoV-2. Conclusions.– SARS-CoV-2 can extend beyond the trophoblast into the villous stroma, involving Hofbauer cells and capillary endothelial cells, in a small number of infected placentas. Most cases of SARS-CoV-2 transplacental fetal infection occur without Hofbauer cell involvement.

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“…Conceptually, if the viral particle is smaller than the barrier of the placenta, the virus might cross the placenta to infect the fetus. Some studies have investigated the possibility of vertical transmission of COVID-19, but no cases of vertical transmission have been reported [3][4][5]. This is concordant with the fact that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes COVID-19, is a large virus, and it therefore is unlikely to cross the placenta to result in vertical transmission.…”

Section: Vertical Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Atypical mode of COVID-19 transmission: possibility?

Wiwanitkit

2020

Epidemiol Health

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Transmission via breast milk Infantile COVID-19 has already been recognized. How infants are infected is an interesting question, and in particular, the possibility of COVID-19 transmission via breast milk is an compelling topic in clinical neonatology. As discussed with vertical transmis-Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new emerging pandemic, which has so far infected more than 20 million people throughout the world. Typically, this infection is transmitted from humans to humans via respiratory contact. However, the possibility that COVID-19 might be transmitted via atypical modes of transmission is an important public health consideration. In this short review article, the author summarizes and discusses the data on atypical modes of COVID-19 transmission. Based on the available data, it seems that there is still no evidence that COVID-19 can be transmitted via atypical modes of transmission.

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¿Existe transmisión materno-fetal del SARS-CoV-2 durante la gestación?

Cited by 13 publications

References 10 publications

Maternal Coronavirus Infections and Neonates Born to Mothers with SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review

Maternal Coronavirus Infections and Neonates Born to Mothers with SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review

Hofbauer Cells and COVID-19 in Pregnancy

Atypical mode of COVID-19 transmission: possibility?

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