Existence of Black Holes in Friedmann–robertson–walker Universe Dominated by Dark Energy

Li, Zhongheng; Wang, Anzhong

doi:10.1142/s0217732307024048

Cited by 34 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Of course, they are wrong, because the repulsive force contributed by the quintessence-like dark energy (w > −1) is not strong enough to prevent the formation of the black hole. This point can be seen in [23], where by considering some specific McVittie solutions, Li and Wang showed that black holes can exist in a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) universe dominated by dark energy. However, they require that the weak energy condition should be satisfied (although the other three energy conditions can be violated).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Pilgrim dark energy

Hao¹

2012

Class. Quantum Grav.

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In the present work, we reconsider the idea of holographic dark energy. One of its key points is the formation of the black hole. And then, we propose the so-called "pilgrim dark energy" based on the speculation that the repulsive force contributed by the phantom-like dark energy (w < −1) is strong enough to prevent the formation of the black hole. We also consider the cosmological constraints on pilgrim dark energy by using the latest observational data. Of course, one can instead regard pilgrim dark energy as a purely phenomenological model without any physical motivation. We also briefly discuss this issue.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Pilgrim dark energy

Hao¹

2012

Class. Quantum Grav.

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“…except in the case of a de Sitter "background" withḢ = 0. The apparent horizons of the McVittie geometry have been studied in [102,103,104,82,54]. Rewrite the metric using the areal radius…”

Section: Mcvittie Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embedding Black Holes and Other Inhomogeneities in the Universe in Various Theories of Gravity: A Short Review

Faraoni

2018

Universe

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The classic black hole mechanics and thermodynamics are formulated for stationary black holes with event horizons. Alternative theories of gravity of interest for cosmology contain a built-in time-dependent cosmological "constant" and black holes are not stationary. Realistic black holes are anyway dynamical because they interact with astrophysical environments or, at a more fundamental level, because of backreaction by Hawking radiation. In these situations the teleological concept of event horizon fails and apparent or trapping horizons are used instead. Even as toy models, black holes embedded in cosmological "backgrounds" and other inhomogeneous universes constitute an interesting class of solutions of various theories of gravity. We discuss the known phenomenology of apparent and trapping horizons in these geometries, focusing on spherically symmetric inhomogeneous universes.

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“…See for example[23]. There are many conflicting incorrect claims, ranging from assertions that McVittie solutions are geodesically complete, over the suggestions that they cannot be black holes because of exotic spacelike singularities, to the statement that McVittie solutions in any accelerating universes are black holes.…”

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confidence: 99%

McVittie’s legacy: Black holes in an expanding universe

2010

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We prove that a class of solutions to Einstein's equations-originally discovered by G. C. McVittie in 1933-includes regular black holes embedded in Friedman-Robertson-Walker cosmologies. If the cosmology is dominated at late times by a positive cosmological constant, the metric is regular everywhere on and outside the black hole horizon and away from the big bang singularity, and the solutions asymptote in the future and near the horizon to the Schwarzschild-de Sitter geometry. For solutions without a positive cosmological constant the would-be horizon is a weak null singularity.

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Existence of Black Holes in Friedmann–robertson–walker Universe Dominated by Dark Energy

Cited by 34 publications

References 25 publications

Pilgrim dark energy

Pilgrim dark energy

Embedding Black Holes and Other Inhomogeneities in the Universe in Various Theories of Gravity: A Short Review

McVittie’s legacy: Black holes in an expanding universe

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