Exogenous application of coat protein-specific dsRNA inhibits cognate cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) of ghost pepper

Routhu, Gowtham Kumar; Borah, Munmi; Siddappa, Sundaresha; Nath, Palash Deb

doi:10.1007/s41348-021-00558-4

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…This dsRNA (or siRNA) introduction may be direct, with spray applications of antifungal dsRNA, in a process known as 'spray-induced gene silencing (SIGS)' (Koch et al, 2016;Qiao et al, 2021). SIGS has been investigated for control of insect pests (Turner et al, 2006;Zheng et al, 2019), viruses (Mitter et al, 2017;Worrall et al, 2019;Routhu et al, 2022), and fungi (Sang and Kim, 2020;Gebremichael et al, 2021;Niu et al, 2021). Advantages and disadvantages of SIGS and HIGS are discussed elsewhere (Gebremichael et al, 2021;Niu et al, 2021).…”

Section: Silencing Mechanism In Plants and Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SIGS has been investigated for control of insect pests ( Turner et al., 2006 ; Zheng et al., 2019 ), viruses ( Mitter et al., 2017 ; Worrall et al., 2019 ; Routhu et al., 2022 ), and fungi ( Sang and Kim, 2020 ; Gebremichael et al., 2021 ; Niu et al., 2021 ). Advantages and disadvantages of SIGS and HIGS are discussed elsewhere ( Gebremichael et al., 2021 ; Niu et al., 2021 ).…”

Section: Implications Of Cross-kingdom Rnai For Control Of Plant Path...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mycovirus-encoded suppressors of RNA silencing: Possible allies or enemies in the use of RNAi to control fungal disease in crops

Coy¹,

Plummer²,

Khalifa³

et al. 2022

Front. Fungal Biol.

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Plants, fungi, and many other eukaryotes have evolved an RNA interference (RNAi) mechanism that is key for regulating gene expression and the control of pathogens. RNAi inhibits gene expression, in a sequence-specific manner, by recognizing and deploying cognate double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) either from endogenous sources (e.g. pre-micro RNAs) or exogenous origin (e.g. viruses, dsRNA, or small interfering RNAs, siRNAs). Recent studies have demonstrated that fungal pathogens can transfer siRNAs into plant cells to suppress host immunity and aid infection, in a mechanism termed cross-kingdom RNAi. New technologies, based on RNAi are being developed for crop protection against insect pests, viruses, and more recently against fungal pathogens. One example, is host-induced gene silencing (HIGS), which is a mechanism whereby transgenic plants are modified to produce siRNAs or dsRNAs targeting key transcripts of plants, or their pathogens or pests. An alternative gene regulation strategy that also co-opts the silencing machinery is spray-induced gene silencing (SIGS), in which dsRNAs or single-stranded RNAs (ssRNAs) are applied to target genes within a pathogen or pest. Fungi also use their RNA silencing machinery against mycoviruses (fungal viruses) and mycoviruses can deploy virus-encoded suppressors of RNAi (myco-VSRs) as a counter-defence. We propose that myco-VSRs may impact new dsRNA-based management methods, resulting in unintended outcomes, including suppression of management by HIGS or SIGS. Despite a large diversity of mycoviruses being discovered using high throughput sequencing, their biology is poorly understood. In particular, the prevalence of mycoviruses and the cellular effect of their encoded VSRs are under-appreciated when considering the deployment of HIGS and SIGS strategies. This review focuses on mycoviruses, their VSR activities in fungi, and the implications for control of pathogenic fungi using RNAi.

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Section: Silencing Mechanism In Plants and Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implications Of Cross-kingdom Rnai For Control Of Plant Path...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycovirus-encoded suppressors of RNA silencing: Possible allies or enemies in the use of RNAi to control fungal disease in crops

Coy¹,

Plummer²,

Khalifa³

et al. 2022

Front. Fungal Biol.

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“…Apparently, the virus can persist in the seed over winter and cause primary infections early in the growing season (42)(43)(44)(45). Several CMV-resistant plant species, including tobacco, cucumber, tomato, melon, squash and pepper, have been generated by transgenic approaches (46) using viral dsRNA-expressing constructs, and promising protective effects have also been observed with topical applications of dsRNAs (47)(48)(49)(50).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apparently, the virus can persist in the seed over winter and cause primary infections early in the growing season (42–45). Several CMV-resistant plant species, including tobacco, cucumber, tomato, melon, squash and pepper, have been generated by transgenic approaches (46) using viral dsRNA-expressing constructs, and promising protective effects have also been observed with topical applications of dsRNAs (47–50). The CMV genome consists of three positive-strand RNA segments (RNA 1, RNA 2, RNA 3; Supplementary Figure 1B ) that are packaged individually into capsids and cause successful infection when transmitted together.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new level of RNA-based plant protection - dsRNAs designed from functionally characterized siRNAs highly effective against Cucumber Mosaic Virus

Knoblich,

Gursinsky,

Gago-Zachert

et al. 2024

Preprint

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RNA-mediated crop protection increasingly becomes a viable alternative to agrochemicals that threaten biodiversity and human health. Pathogen-derived double-stranded dsRNAs are processed into small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), which can then induce silencing of target RNAs,e.g.viral genomes. However, with currently used dsRNAs, which largely consist of undefined regions of the target RNAs, silencing is often ineffective: processing generates siRNA pools that contain only a few functionally effective siRNAs (here calledesiRNAs). Using a recently developedin vitroscreen that reliably identifiesesiRNAs from siRNA pools, we identifiedesiRNAs against Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV), a devastating plant pathogen. Topical application ofesiRNAs to plants resulted in highly effective protection against massive CMV infection. However, optimal protection was achieved with newly designed multivalent “effective dsRNAs” (edsRNAs), which contain the sequences of severalesiRNAs and are preferentially processed into precisely theseesiRNAs. TheesiRNA components can attack one or more target RNAs at different sites, be active in different silencing complexes and provide cross-protection against different viral variants, important properties for combating rapidly mutating pathogens such as CMV.esiRNAs andedsRNAs have thus been established as a new class of “RNA actives” that significantly increase the efficacy and specificity of RNA-mediated plant protection.

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Induction of RNA-Mediated Resistance Against Cucumber Mosaic Virus on Exogenous Application of dsRNA

Saikia

Routhu

Borah

2023

Technologies for Rural Development

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Exogenous application of coat protein-specific dsRNA inhibits cognate cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) of ghost pepper

Cited by 7 publications

References 43 publications

Mycovirus-encoded suppressors of RNA silencing: Possible allies or enemies in the use of RNAi to control fungal disease in crops

Mycovirus-encoded suppressors of RNA silencing: Possible allies or enemies in the use of RNAi to control fungal disease in crops

A new level of RNA-based plant protection - dsRNAs designed from functionally characterized siRNAs highly effective against Cucumber Mosaic Virus

Induction of RNA-Mediated Resistance Against Cucumber Mosaic Virus on Exogenous Application of dsRNA

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