Exogenous application of salicylic acid enhances salt stress tolerance in lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus Steud. Wats)

Rehman, Zeeshan; Hussain, Abrar; Saleem, Shanzay; Khilji, Sheza Ayaz; Sajid, Zahoor Ahmad

doi:10.30848/pjb2022-2(13)

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…In addition to salinity stress, higher CAT activity in Lemongrass was also observed during drought ( Mirzaei et al, 2020 ), heavy metal stress ( Patra et al, 2019 ), and seasonal heat ( Aziz et al, 2014 ). Moreover, lemongrass exposed to soil salinity stress increased its SOD activity ( Rehman et al, 2022 ). Similarly, an increase in PRO content in lemongrass was observed under heavy metal stress and drought ( Patra et al, 2019 ; Mirzaei et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suffer or Survive: Decoding Salt-Sensitivity of Lemongrass and Its Implication on Essential Oil Productivity

et al. 2022

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The cultivation of lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) crop is dominated by its medicinal, food preservative, and cosmetic demands. The growing economy of the lemongrass market suggests the immense commercial potential of lemongrass and its essential oil. Nevertheless, the continuous increase of the saline regime threatens the growth and productivity of most of the plant life worldwide. In this regard, the present experiment explores the salt sensitiveness of the lemongrass crop against five different levels of salt stress. Metabolomic analyses suggest that lemongrass plants can effectively tolerate a salt concentration of up to 80 mM and retain most of their growth and productivity. However, extreme NaCl concentrations (≥160 mM) inflicted significant (α = 0.05) damage to the plant physiology and exhausted the lemongrass antioxidative defence system. Therefore, the highest NaCl concentration (240 mM) minimised plant height, chlorophyll fluorescence, and essential oil production by up to 50, 27, and 45%. The overall data along with the salt implications on photosynthetic machinery and ROS metabolism suggest that lemongrass can be considered a moderately sensitive crop to salt stress. The study, sensu lato, can be used in reclaiming moderately saline lands with lemongrass cultivation converting such lands from economic liability to economic asset.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suffer or Survive: Decoding Salt-Sensitivity of Lemongrass and Its Implication on Essential Oil Productivity

et al. 2022

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“…Under saline conditions, 0.5 mM SA induced the greatest decreases in Na and Cl concentrations. As documented in several other studies, the administration of SA has been shown to change Na and Cl contents in salt-stressed strawberry [Faghih et al 2017], sorghum [Rajabi Dehnavi et al 2019], pennyroyal [Ghassemi-Golezani and Farhadi 2021], and lemongrass [Rehman et al 2022]. The reduction in the levels of Na and Cl in salt-stressed plants following SA treatment could be attributable either to a reduction in cell membrane damage due to enhanced antioxidant activity or to a dilution effect caused by increased dry matter synthesis in response to SA application [Rajabi Dehnavi et al 2019].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…The effects of SA treatment on the antioxidant system were investigated by Lamnai et al [2021], who discovered that the increased tolerance of strawberry plants to salt stress was likely associated with higher antioxidant enzyme activities, resulting in less ROS accumulation and fewer gene expression changes. Other investigations have indicated that exogenous SA administered to salt-stressed lettuce [Khalifa et al 2016], pistachio [Jannesar et al 2021], and lemongrass [Rehman et al 2022] increases antioxidant enzyme activity. Taken together, the available evidence indicates that treatment of plants with SA improves their stress tolerance by lowering membrane oxidation, preserving cellular components, and reinforcing cell walls [Lamnai et al 2021].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The fine-tuning of the complex phytohormone network allows plants to respond to developmental and environmental stimuli in a balanced manner, thereby lowering defense-related fitness costs [Koo et al 2020]. In addition to the use of salt tolerant plant species, several strategies, including exogenous application of SA, are being practiced by researchers and specialists in different plants to override the adverse impacts of salt stress [Rehman et al 2022]. SA-mediated accumulation of osmolytes, such as glycine betaine, proline, soluble sugars, and amines, can also help to maintain osmotic homeostasis, regulate mineral nutrition uptake, enhance scavenging of ROS, and promote production of secondary metabolites, such as terpenes, phenolics, and nitrogen-containing compounds (alkaloids, cyanogenic glucosides) [Koo et al 2020].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ameliorative role of salicylic acid in the growth, nutrient content, and antioxidative responses of salt-stressed lettuce

Kuşvuran

Yilmaz

2023

asphc

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Plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses are regulated by salicylic acid (SA), a signaling molecule. The goal of this study was to determine the efficacy of foliar SA treatments (0.25, 0.50, or 1.00 mM) in reducing salt stress in lettuce exposed to 100 mM NaCl. Salt-stressed plants given a foliar application of SA showed alleviation of the negative effects of salinity, resulting in higher growth performance (increases of 6%–198%). The positive impacts of SA were especially noticeable as an increase in the content of photosynthetic pigments, such as total chlorophyll (31–72%) and total carotenoids (49–141%). Application of SA also helped to reduce membrane damage, as seen by significantly lower levels of MDA (31–70%) in the leaves of salt-stressed lettuce plants. Moreover, the use of SA enhanced overall flavonoid and phenolic content, as well as nutrient absorption. SA treatment also increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, glutathione reductase, and superoxide dismutase, resulting in a considerable reduction in salt-induced oxidative damage. The most efficient SA application concentration was 0.50 mM. Overall, the use of SA as a foliar spray could be recommended as a long-term strategy for improving the defense systems of salt-stressed lettuce.

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“…The results of Rehman et al (2022) revealed that applying Cymbopogon flexuosus to salicylic acid produced the maximum phenolic compounds compared to the control. However, phenolic compounds are significant food metabolites that can help to prevent diseases, including neurological and cardiovascular diseases as well as cancer (Goyal et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Alleviation of physiological traits in lemongrass under salinity stress

Salama,

Ragaey,

Abdel-Rahman

et al. 2023

J. Multidiscip. Sci.

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Lemongrass is considered one of the most economic medicinal and aromatic plants, and there is a tendency to expand the production of such important plants in newly reclaimed soils, which often suffer from salt stresses. There are natural and synthetic substances that can help plants resist stress. Therefore, this study was conducted for the purpose of using some natural substances, Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MLE), Bacillus subtilis + arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (B+A), and synthetic substances, such as benzyl amino purine (BAP), on lemongrass plants exposed to salt stress imposed by irrigation at 0, 1000, 2000, and 4000 ppm levels. Results indicated that an increasing trend of carbohydrate content by growth stimulants was noticed as follows: Moringa leaf extract (MLE) >Bacillus subtilis + arbuscular mycorrhizal (B+M) > benzyl amino purine (BAP). Foliar application by growth stimulants increased free proline content. Application of MLE, followed by B+M, gave the highest values of the free proline content in the two cuts for the two seasons compared to the control. It was proven that total phenol content was affected by the different growth stimulant treatments. Foliar application of the growth stimulants increased the total phenol content compared to the control. However, application of MLE resulted in the highest values of total phenol content in the two cuts for the two seasons compared to the control. Among the growth stimulants used, foliar spraying with MLE, followed by microorganisms (B+M), shows a superior effect in decreasing the accumulation of sodium and chlorine compared to other stimulants, while improving potassium was obtained by the growth stimulants MLE, B+A, and BAP, respectively, in both seasons.

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Exogenous application of salicylic acid enhances salt stress tolerance in lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus Steud. Wats)

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Suffer or Survive: Decoding Salt-Sensitivity of Lemongrass and Its Implication on Essential Oil Productivity

Suffer or Survive: Decoding Salt-Sensitivity of Lemongrass and Its Implication on Essential Oil Productivity

Ameliorative role of salicylic acid in the growth, nutrient content, and antioxidative responses of salt-stressed lettuce

Alleviation of physiological traits in lemongrass under salinity stress

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