Exogenous nitric oxide improved production and content of flavonolignans in milk thistle seeds under water deficit system

Zangani, Esmaeil; Zehtab‐Salmasi, Saeid; Andalibi, Babak; Zamani, Abbasali; Hashemi, Masoud

doi:10.1007/s11738-021-03257-7

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In plant cells, ROS can cause oxidative damage and peroxidation of membrane lipids, resulting in leakage of cellular membranes, which damages photosynthesis and chloroplast pigments [46]. Some researchers too, in their studies concluded that by drought intensity escalation, leaf RWC significantly decreased [5,47]. Stressful conditions also significantly enhanced electrolyte leakage in Ranunculus asiaticus [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transfer of more assimilates to the grain results in the enhancement of grain yield under stress [35,77]. The enhancement in growth and yield due to SNP application under drought stress is due to the preservation of relative water content and the reduction of reactive oxygen species [47,78]. In other words, it has been demonstrated that the positive impact of SNP at a lower concentration on biological yield might be due to an increase in photosynthesis by increasing chlorophyll content [5,71], a decrease in oxidative damage by reducing H 2 O 2 [5,71], the protection of cell membranes from cellular peroxidation [79,80], and the potential NO in cytokinin signaling in the plant [81].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sodium Nitroprusside Improves the Growth and Behavior of the Stomata of Silybum marianum L. Subjected to Different Degrees of Drought

Zangani

Angourani

Andalibi

et al. 2023

Life

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The use of growth-stimulating signals to increase the tolerance of plants to water deficits can be an important strategy in the production of plants in dry areas. Therefore, a split-plot experiment with three replications was conducted to evaluate the effects of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) application rate as an NO donor (0, 100, and 200 µM) on the growth and yield parameters of Silybum marianum L. (S. marianum) under different irrigation cut-off times (control, irrigation cut-off from stem elongation, and anthesis). The results of this study showed that with increasing drought severity, leaf RWC, proline content and capitula per plant, 1000 grain weight, plant height, branch per plant, capitula diameter, and the biological and grain yield of S. marianum decreased significantly, whereas the number of grains per capitula increased compared with the control. Also, by irrigation cut-off from the stem elongation stage, the density of leaf stomata at the bottom and top epidermis increased by 64% and 39%, respectively, and the length of the stomata at the bottom epidermis of the leaf decreased up to 28%. In contrast, the results of this experiment showed that the exogenous application of nitric oxide reduced the negative effects of irrigation cut-off, such that the application of 100 µM SNP enhanced RWC content (up to 9%), proline concentration (up to 40%), and grain (up to 34%) and biological (up to 44%) yields in plants under drought stress compared with non-application of SNP. The decrease in the number of capitula per plant and capitula diameter was also compensated by foliar application of 100 µM SNP under stress conditions. In addition, exogenous NO changed the behavior of the stomata during the period of dehydration, such that plants treated with SNP showed a decrease in the stomatal density of the leaf and an increase in the length of the stomata at the leaf bottom epidermis. These results indicate that SNP treatment, especially at 100 µM, was helpful in alleviating the deleterious effects of water deficiency and enhancing the tolerance of S. marianum to withholding irrigation times.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium Nitroprusside Improves the Growth and Behavior of the Stomata of Silybum marianum L. Subjected to Different Degrees of Drought

Zangani

Angourani

Andalibi

et al. 2023

Life

Self Cite

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“…Field assays with two genotypes of S. marianum demonstrated that applying the SNP (100 µM) as a NO donor compensates for 40% of the adverse effects caused for drought stress, and all yield components responded significantly to treatment with SNP [ 179 ]. Applying 100 µM SNP also decreased malondialdehyde content and H 2 O 2 in S. marianum plants submitted to water deficit and prevented a silymarin yield reduction but increased taxifolin production, silychristin, silybin, and isosilybin B [ 180 ], compounds that have been associated with the treatment of diseases due to pharmacological properties as hepatoprotective drugs [ 181 , 182 ]. Under drought stress applying 100 µM SNP on S. marianum , the leaf photosynthesis rate increased between 80 and 100% compared with the non-treated plants [ 179 ].…”

Section: Ronss As Biostimulantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Sulfur Species (RONSS) as a Metabolic Cluster for Signaling and Biostimulation of Plants: An Overview

Medrano-Macías

Flores‐Gallegos

Reyna

et al. 2022

Plants

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This review highlights the relationship between the metabolism of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and H2S-reactive sulfur species (RSS). These three metabolic pathways, collectively termed reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur species (RONSS), constitute a conglomerate of reactions that function as an energy dissipation mechanism, in addition to allowing environmental signals to be transduced into cellular information. This information, in the form of proteins with posttranslational modifications or signaling metabolites derived from RONSS, serves as an inducer of many processes for redoxtasis and metabolic adjustment to the changing environmental conditions to which plants are subjected. Although it is thought that the role of reactive chemical species was originally energy dissipation, during evolution they seem to form a cluster of RONSS that, in addition to dissipating excess excitation potential or reducing potential, also fulfils essential signaling functions that play a vital role in the stress acclimation of plants. Signaling occurs by synthesizing many biomolecules that modify the activity of transcription factors and through modifications in thiol groups of enzymes. The result is a series of adjustments in plants’ gene expression, biochemistry, and physiology. Therefore, we present an overview of the synthesis and functions of the RONSS, considering the importance and implications in agronomic management, particularly on the biostimulation of crops.

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“…This reduces the inducing effect of drought on high levels of ROS, mitigates oxidative damage, preserves the normal function of plant organelles, such as chloroplasts [ 8 , 14 , 18 ] and cell membranes [ 9 , 10 ], and alleviates water loss [ 9 , 19 ] and ion leakage [ 6 , 9 , 14 , 18 ] caused by drought. Furthermore, it has been discovered that exogenous NO can enhance the levels of photosynthetic pigments, which regulate photosynthesis and mitigate the damage caused by excess light energy [ 10 , 12 , 19 ]. This can alleviate the adverse effects of drought on carbohydrate accumulation and energy metabolism in plants, thereby improving drought tolerance in Chard [ 10 ], Milk thistle [ 12 ], White clover [ 14 ], and Trifoliate orange (Citrus trifoliata L.) [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, it has been discovered that exogenous NO can enhance the levels of photosynthetic pigments, which regulate photosynthesis and mitigate the damage caused by excess light energy [ 10 , 12 , 19 ]. This can alleviate the adverse effects of drought on carbohydrate accumulation and energy metabolism in plants, thereby improving drought tolerance in Chard [ 10 ], Milk thistle [ 12 ], White clover [ 14 ], and Trifoliate orange (Citrus trifoliata L.) [ 19 ]. In Arabidopsis [ 20 ], Rice [ 11 ], Maize [ 13 ], and Malus seedlings [ 18 ], it has been discovered that NO causes osmotic regulation by upregulating the accumulation of pressure-compatible solutes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of action of microRNA166 on nitric oxide in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) under drought stress

Wei,

Wang,

Ruan

et al. 2024

BMC Genomics

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Background Alfalfa is a perennial forage crop of high importance, but its cultivation is often affected by drought stress. Currently, the investigation of drought-related small RNAs is a popular research topic to uncover plant drought resistance mechanisms. Among these small RNAs, microRNA166 (miR166) is associated with drought in numerous plant species. Initial small RNA sequencing studies have shown that miR166 is highly responsive to exogenous nitric oxide (NO) and drought. Therefore, analyzing the expression of Msa-miR166 under nitric oxide and drought treatment is significant. Result Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the miR166 family is widely distributed among plants, ranging from mosses to eudicots, with significant distribution differences between species. The evolutionary degree of Msa-miR166s is highly similar to that of Barrel medic (Medicago truncatula) and Soybean (Glycine max), but significantly different from the model plant Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). It is suggested that there are no significant differences in miR166s within the species, and members of Msa-miR166s can form a typical stem-loop. The lowest level of exogenous nitric oxide was observed in Msa-miR166s under drought stress, followed by individual drought, and the highest level was observed after removing endogenous nitric oxide. Conclusion In response to short-term drought, Msa-miR166s down-regulate expression in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Exogenous nitric oxide can reduce the expression of Msa-miR166s in response to short-term drought. These findings suggest that Msa-miR166e-5p is responsive to environmental changes. The expression levels of target genes showed an opposite trend to Msa-miR166s, verifying the accuracy of Degradome sequencing in the early stage. This suggests that alfalfa experiences drought stress when regulated by exogenous nitric oxide, targeting HD ZIP-III, FRI, and CoA ligase genes. Additionally, the expression of Msa-miR166s in response to drought stress varies between leaves and roots, indicating spatiotemporal specificity.

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Exogenous nitric oxide improved production and content of flavonolignans in milk thistle seeds under water deficit system

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Sodium Nitroprusside Improves the Growth and Behavior of the Stomata of Silybum marianum L. Subjected to Different Degrees of Drought

Sodium Nitroprusside Improves the Growth and Behavior of the Stomata of Silybum marianum L. Subjected to Different Degrees of Drought

Reactive Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Sulfur Species (RONSS) as a Metabolic Cluster for Signaling and Biostimulation of Plants: An Overview

Mechanism of action of microRNA166 on nitric oxide in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) under drought stress

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