Exogenous Proline-Mediated Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants: Possible Mechanisms

Zouari, Mohamed; Hassena, Ameni Ben; Trabelsi, Lina; Rouina, Béchir Ben; Decou, Raphaël; Labrousse, Pascal

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-27423-8_4

Cited by 36 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…These substances accumulate during the time when growing conditions are not suitable for plant growth and development, and are responsible for maintaining the internal physiological processes that ensure plant survival under optimal conditions such as water scarcity [ 161 , 162 ]. Among others, important osmoprotectants in plants subjected to water stress include proline, trehalose, mannitol, fruton, and glycinebetaine [ 163 ]. These compounds, typically used for seed treatment or exogenously applied at different growth stages of established crops, protect the subcellular structure, increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes and mediate the osmotic adjustment in water-stressed plants [ 164 , 165 ].…”

Section: Drought-resistance Inductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought Stress Impacts on Plants and Different Approaches to Alleviate Its Adverse Effects

Seleiman

Al-Suhaibani

Ali

et al. 2021

Plants

978

383

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Drought stress, being the inevitable factor that exists in various environments without recognizing borders and no clear warning thereby hampering plant biomass production, quality, and energy. It is the key important environmental stress that occurs due to temperature dynamics, light intensity, and low rainfall. Despite this, its cumulative, not obvious impact and multidimensional nature severely affects the plant morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular attributes with adverse impact on photosynthetic capacity. Coping with water scarcity, plants evolve various complex resistance and adaptation mechanisms including physiological and biochemical responses, which differ with species level. The sophisticated adaptation mechanisms and regularity network that improves the water stress tolerance and adaptation in plants are briefly discussed. Growth pattern and structural dynamics, reduction in transpiration loss through altering stomatal conductance and distribution, leaf rolling, root to shoot ratio dynamics, root length increment, accumulation of compatible solutes, enhancement in transpiration efficiency, osmotic and hormonal regulation, and delayed senescence are the strategies that are adopted by plants under water deficit. Approaches for drought stress alleviations are breeding strategies, molecular and genomics perspectives with special emphasis on the omics technology alteration i.e., metabolomics, proteomics, genomics, transcriptomics, glyomics and phenomics that improve the stress tolerance in plants. For drought stress induction, seed priming, growth hormones, osmoprotectants, silicon (Si), selenium (Se) and potassium application are worth using under drought stress conditions in plants. In addition, drought adaptation through microbes, hydrogel, nanoparticles applications and metabolic engineering techniques that regulate the antioxidant enzymes activity for adaptation to drought stress in plants, enhancing plant tolerance through maintenance in cell homeostasis and ameliorates the adverse effects of water stress are of great potential in agriculture.

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Section: Drought-resistance Inductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought Stress Impacts on Plants and Different Approaches to Alleviate Its Adverse Effects

Seleiman

Al-Suhaibani

Ali

et al. 2021

Plants

978

383

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Stress-induced alterations of protein biosynthesis and degradation rates may also affect free amino acid concentrations, but are not expected to cause a specific increase in proline (Hildebrandt, 2018). High concentrations of proline can stabilize proteins and membranes, and it has been suggested that proline accumulation stimulates the antioxidant defense system (Forlani et al, 2019b;Zouari et al, 2019). Direct contributions of proline to radical scavenging and osmotic adjustment have also been proposed but the evidence is controversial (Forlani et al, 2019a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Contribution of P5CS Isoforms to Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis

et al. 2020

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Proline accumulation is a widespread response of plants to salt stress as well as drought and cold stress. In most plant species, two isoforms of pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) catalyze the first step in proline biosynthesis from glutamate. In Arabidopsis, these isoforms differ in their spatial and temporal expression patterns, suggesting subfunctionalization. P5CS1 has been identified as the major contributor to stress-induced proline accumulation, whereas P5CS2 has been considered important for embryo development and growth. In contrast to previous results, our analysis of P5CS1-and P5CS2-GFP fusion proteins indicates that both enzymes were exclusively localized in the cytosol. The comparison of the susceptibility of p5cs1 and p5cs2 mutants to infection with Pseudomonas syringae and salt stress provided novel information on the contribution of the two P5CS isoforms to proline accumulation and stress tolerance. In agreement with previous studies, salt-stressed p5cs1 mutants accumulated very little proline, indicating that P5CS1 contributed more to stress-induced proline accumulation, whereas its impact on stress tolerance was rather weak. Germination and establishment of p5cs2 mutants were impaired under ambient conditions, further supporting that P5CS2 is most important for growth and development, whereas its contribution to stress-induced proline accumulation was smaller than that of P5CS1. In contrast to p5cs1 mutants or wildtype plants, p5cs2 mutants were only weakly affected by sudden exposure to a high NaCl concentration. These findings show that proline content, which was intermediate in leaves of p5cs2 mutants, was not directly correlated with stress tolerance in our experiments. In rosettes of NaCl-exposed p5cs2 mutants, nearly no accumulation of Na + was observed, and the plants showed neither chlorosis nor reduction of photosynthesis. Based on these data, we suggest a function of P5CS2 or P5CS2mediated proline synthesis in regulating Na + accumulation in leaves and thereby salt stress tolerance.

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“…It is a proteinogenic amino acid involved as an osmoprotectant of membranes and proteins. Proline also generates scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and is considered a compatible osmolyte for the osmotic adjustment of cells ( Zouari et al, 2019 ; Zulfiqar et al, 2020 ). Ayub et al (2020) reported the accumulation of proline and total soluble sugars in four maize hybrids subjected to the combination of drought and high temperatures.…”

Section: Biochemical and Molecular Responses To The Combination Of Heat And Drought Stress In Maizementioning

confidence: 99%

Maize Responses Challenged by Drought, Elevated Daytime Temperature and Arthropod Herbivory Stresses: A Physiological, Biochemical and Molecular View

et al. 2021

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Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the main cereals grown around the world. It is used for human and animal nutrition and also as biofuel. However, as a direct consequence of global climate change, increased abiotic and biotic stress events have been reported in different regions of the world, which have become a threat to world maize yields. Drought and heat are environmental stresses that influence the growth, development, and yield processes of maize crops. Plants have developed dynamic responses at the physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels that allow them to escape, avoid and/or tolerate unfavorable environmental conditions. Arthropod herbivory can generate resistance or tolerance responses in plants that are associated with inducible and constitutive defenses. Increases in the frequency and severity of abiotic stress events (drought and heat), as a consequence of climate change, can generate critical variations in plant-insect interactions. However, the behavior of herbivorous arthropods under drought scenarios is not well understood, and this kind of stress may have some positive and negative effects on arthropod populations. The simultaneous appearance of different environmental stresses and biotic factors results in very complex plant responses. In this review, recent information is provided on the physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses of plants to the combination of drought, heat stress, and the effect on some arthropod pests of interest in the maize crop.

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Exogenous Proline-Mediated Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants: Possible Mechanisms

Cited by 36 publications

References 62 publications

Drought Stress Impacts on Plants and Different Approaches to Alleviate Its Adverse Effects

Drought Stress Impacts on Plants and Different Approaches to Alleviate Its Adverse Effects

Differential Contribution of P5CS Isoforms to Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis

Maize Responses Challenged by Drought, Elevated Daytime Temperature and Arthropod Herbivory Stresses: A Physiological, Biochemical and Molecular View

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