Exogenous spermidine-induced changes at physiological and biochemical parameters levels in tomato seedling grown in saline-alkaline condition

Abstract

BackgroundTomato is one of the most popular vegetables, and middle tolerance for salt stress. Spermidine (Spd) has an important role in plant defense mechanisms against abiotic stress; however, relatively few data are available regarding Spd in responses of tomato to saline-alkaline stress. The effect of 0.25 mmol/L Spd on some physiological parameters of two tomato cultivars grown in 75 mmol/L saline-alkaline solutions were studied. Two cultivars are cv. Jinpeng chaoguan which is a highly salt-tolerant ecotype and cv. Zhongza No. 9 which is more salt-sensitive ecotype.ResultsSaline-alkaline stress upset nitrogen metabolism, induced the antioxidant enzyme activities, and accumulated much more reactive oxygen species (ROS) and osmoregulation substances in two tomato cultivars leaves. Under saline-alkaline stress condition, Spd-treated seedlings accumulated more osmoregulation substances and had greater activities of antioxidative enzymes. Exogenous Spd counteracted the stress-induced increase of contents of malondialdehyde and ammonium, glutamate dehydrogenase activity, and decreased in nitrate, nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthase, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, and glutamate pyruvate transaminase activities. Additionally, the effect of Spd was more significantly in salt-sensitive cultivar ‘Zhongza No. 9’.ConclusionsOverall, exogenous spermidine can attenuate negative effects of saline-alkaline stress on tomato seedlings which effects may depend on the plant species, and even cultivars.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40529-014-0058-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Untitled

“…Significant increased amount of H2O2 (product of SOD activity) content generated in both the rice cultivars was imitated with increasing SOD activity at short-term NaCl stress when compared to the control plants, which subsequently necessitates the stimulation of H2O2 eliminating enzymes (CAT and APX) activities. The improved salt tolerance were highly correlated with increased activation of antioxidant enzymes in Arabidopsis, rice [30], wheat, tomato [24], soybean, maize [31], which is in accordance with our observations. Even many previous reports on genotype dependent accumulation of H2O2 content and differential response of antioxidative enzymes in salinity have been done in rice cultivars [32,33].…”

Beneficial role of spermidine in chlorophyll metabolism and D1 protein content in tomato seedlings under salinity–alkalinity stress

“…Previous research has shown that exogenous Spd enhanced the activities of antioxidants, including ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase in cucumber seedlings subjected to high temperatures (Tian et al ). Our previous study also showed that exogenous Spd significantly enhanced SOD and POD activities and decreased malondialdehyde, H 2 O 2 and superoxide anion (O 2 − ) levels under salinity–alkalinity stress (Zhang et al 2014). Exogenous Spd may, then, protect D1 protein from degradation by protecting plants from ROS, possibly by increasing the activity of scavengers.…”

Impacts of Priming with Silicon on the Growth and Tolerance of Maize Plants to Alkaline Stress

“…The accumulation of soluble proteins in maize plants under high alkaline pressure may supply a storage form of nitrogen that is reutilized when stress is over ( Abdel Latef, 2010 ; Abdel Latef and Chaoxing, 2014 ; Zhang et al, 2014 ). The increase in soluble protein content of maize under the highest alkaline level applied was accompanied by a marked reduction in growth ( Tables 1 and 2 ).…”