Exogenous visual attention prolongs perceived duration

Seifried, Tanja; Ulrich, Rolf

doi:10.3758/s13414-010-0005-6

Cited by 36 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(133 reference statements)

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“…We propose that an initial influence of emotional stimuli on time perception may be driven by the influence of salient stimuli on attention orienting. Such a mechanism is supported by evidence of a fast-acting and transient influence of attention cuing in driving temporal overestimations (75, 226, 264). As orienting responses can be modulated by emotion (23, 126), emotional arousal might modulate the magnitude of this initial influence on time perception, though emotional timing studies using temporal durations on this time scale (~50–150 ms) have been limited (231).…”

Section: A New Approach To Studying Emotion-driven Temporal Distormentioning

confidence: 85%

“…At the same time, phasic dopaminergic signals may have more transient effects on timing circuitry. Phasic dopamine release to the cortex and striatum has been demonstrated in response to appetitive and aversive stimuli, cues that predict such stimuli, and novel/salient stimuli (e.g., 21, 22, 224, 226). Phasic burst firing of dopaminergic neurons results in changes in dopaminergic concentrations in target areas that last up to a few seconds (217).…”

Section: Putative Neural Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emotional modulation of interval timing and time perception

Lake

LaBar

Meck

2016

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

160

146

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Like other senses, our perception of time is not veridical, but rather, is modulated by changes in environmental context. Anecdotal experiences suggest that emotions can be powerful modulators of time perception; nevertheless, the functional and neural mechanisms underlying emotion-induced temporal distortions remain unclear. Widely accepted pacemaker-accumulator models of time perception suggest that changes in arousal and attention have unique influences on temporal judgments and contribute to emotional distortions of time perception. However, such models conflict with current views of arousal and attention suggesting that current models of time perception do not adequately explain the variability in emotion-induced temporal distortions. Instead, findings provide support for a new perspective of emotion-induced temporal distortions that emphasizes both the unique and interactive influences of arousal and attention on time perception over time. Using this framework, we discuss plausible functional and neural mechanisms of emotion-induced temporal distortions and how these temporal distortions may have important implications for our understanding of how emotions modulate our perceptual experiences in service of adaptive responding to biologically relevant stimuli.

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Section: A New Approach To Studying Emotion-driven Temporal Distormentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Putative Neural Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotional modulation of interval timing and time perception

Lake

LaBar

Meck

2016

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

160

146

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Needless to say, our discovery resonates with how attention orienting prolongs time perception in general. For instance, exogenous (e.g., [26–27]) and endogenous (e.g., [28]) spatial attention orienting, as well as exogenous and endogenous temporal attention orienting (e.g., [29–30]) both lengthen time perception.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triple dissociation of duration perception regulating mechanisms: Top-down attention is inherent

Lin

Shimojo

2017

PLoS ONE

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The brain constantly adjusts perceived duration based on the recent event history. One such lab phenomenon is subjective time expansion induced in an oddball paradigm (“oddball chronostasis”), where the duration of a distinct item (oddball) appears subjectively longer when embedded in a series of other repeated items (standards). Three hypotheses have been separately proposed but it remains unresolved which or all of them are true: 1) attention prolongs oddball duration, 2) repetition suppression reduces standards duration, and 3) accumulative temporal preparation (anticipation) expedites the perceived item onset so as to lengthen its duration. We thus conducted critical systematic experiments to dissociate the relative contribution of all hypotheses, by orthogonally manipulating sequences types (repeated, ordered, or random) and target serial positions. Participants’ task was to judge whether a target lasts shorter or longer than its reference. The main finding was that a random item sequence still elicited significant chronostasis even though each item was odd. That is, simply being a target draws top-down attention and induces chronostasis. In Experiments 1 (digits) and 2 (orientations), top-down attention explained about half of the effect while saliency/adaptation explained the other half. Additionally, for non-repeated (ordered and random) sequence types, a target with later serial position still elicited stronger chronostasis, favoring a temporal preparation over a repetition suppression account. By contrast, in Experiment 3 (colors), top-down attention was likely the sole factor. Consequently, top-down attention is necessary and sometimes sufficient to explain oddball chronostasis; saliency/adaptation and temporal preparation are contingent factors. These critical boundary conditions revealed in our study serve as quantitative constraints for neural models of duration perception.

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“…With the duration reproduction method, Brown and Boltz (2002) found that an increased mental workload and poor event structure could lead to inaccuracy to the reported duration of melodies and prose passages, demonstrating the relevance of attention in time estimation. Predictability (Ulrich et al, 2006; Pariyadath and Eagleman, 2007), exogenous visual attention (Seifried and Ulrich, 2011), and onset time of stimulus (Rose and Summers, 1995; Kanai and Watanabe, 2006) could also play a role in lengthening the perceived duration of events. Pariyadath and Eagleman (2007) proposed that, the amount of neural energy needed by the brain to represent a stimulus relates to the coding efficiency (Eagleman and Pariyadath, 2009), and correlates with the perceived duration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time Dilation Induced by Object Motion is Based on Spatiotopic but not Retinotopic Positions

Ono

Watanabe

2012

Front. Psychology

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Time perception of visual events depends on the visual attributes of the scene. Previous studies reported that motion of object can induce an illusion of lengthened time. In the present study, we asked the question whether such time dilation effect depends on the actual physical motion of the object (spatiotopic coordinate), or its relative motion with respect to the retina (retinotopic coordinate). Observers were presented with a moving stimulus and a static reference stimulus in separate intervals, and judged which interval they perceived as having a longer duration, under conditions with eye fixation (Experiment 1) and with eye movement at same velocity as the moving stimulus (Experiment 2). The data indicated that the perceived duration was longer under object motion, and depended on the actual movement of the object rather than relative retinal motion. These results are in support with the notion that the brain possesses a spatiotopic representation regarding the real world positions of objects in which the perception of time is associated with.

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Exogenous visual attention prolongs perceived duration

Cited by 36 publications

References 51 publications

Emotional modulation of interval timing and time perception

Emotional modulation of interval timing and time perception

Triple dissociation of duration perception regulating mechanisms: Top-down attention is inherent

Time Dilation Induced by Object Motion is Based on Spatiotopic but not Retinotopic Positions

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